With reference to Union Government, which one of the following does undertake the country-wide Economic Census ?

The country-wide Economic Census in India is undertaken by the Central Statistical Organization (CSO), which operates under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI). The first coordinated approach was launched by the CSO in 1976 through the 'Economic Census and Surveys' scheme [t1][t4]. Since then, multiple rounds of the Economic Census (1977, 1980, 1990, 1998, 2005, and 2013) have been conducted to provide a complete count of all establishments (excluding crop production) within the country [t4][t7]. While the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) is responsible for large-scale sample surveys, the CSO provides the overall guidance and framework for the census, often collaborating with State Directorates of Economics and Statistics [t4][t7]. In 2019, the CSO and NSSO were merged to form the National Statistical Office (NSO), but historically and at the time of this question, the CSO was the designated body [c1][t6].

Sources

1. [1] https://mospi.gov.in/sites/default/files/economic-census/sixth_economic_census/all_india/6_ChapterI_6ecRep.pdf
2. [2] https://unstats.un.org/unsd/economic_stat/Economic_Census/Korea/India-paper.pdf
3. [3] https://library.iimb.ac.in/ecd
4. [4] Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 1: National Income > 1.4 Indian Economy > p. 4