Which of the following statements about National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) is/are correct? 1. It is an alternative non-judicial channel. 2. Victims of human rights violations can seek reparation through NHRC. 3. It cannot grant immediate relief. 4. It has the direct power of enforcement. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) serves as an alternative non-judicial channel for the protection of human rights, acting as a statutory watchdog. Victims can seek reparation through the NHRC, as it has the power to recommend compensation, damages, or remedial actions to the government [1]. While some sources suggest its role is primarily recommendatory [2], the Protection of Human Rights Act (as amended in 2006) specifically empowers the Commission to recommend immediate interim relief to victims at any stage of an inquiry. Therefore, statement 3 is incorrect. Furthermore, the NHRC lacks direct enforcement powers; its recommendations are not legally binding on the government or authorities, and it cannot penalize violators directly [1]. Consequently, only statements 1 and 2 are correct.

Sources

1. [1] Democratic Politics-I. Political Science-Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 5: DEMOCRATIC RIGHTS > National Human Rights Commission > p. 86
2. [2] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 57: National Human Rights Commission > ROLE > p. 475