Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists : , List I (Explanation) A. Colour of an opaque object B. Colour observed through a coloured glass C. Bending of the image of a rod partially dipped in water D. Shining observed when one steps on an earthworm List II (Term) I. Fluorescence 2. Reflection 3. Transmission 4. Refraction Code : A B C D

The color of an opaque object is determined by the specific wavelengths of light it reflects. Conversely, the color observed through a colored glass is the result of transmission, as the glass allows only certain wavelengths to pass through while absorbing others. The bending of a rod's image when partially dipped in water is a classic demonstration of refraction, which occurs because light changes speed and direction when moving from one transparent medium (water) to another (air) [2]. Finally, the shining observed when stepping on an earthworm is attributed to fluorescence or bioluminescence; certain earthworms (like Diplocardia) emit light through biochemical reactions or when their coelomic fluid is stimulated. Matching these pairs (A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1) leads to the correct sequence 2, 3, 4, 1.

Sources

1. [1] Science , class X (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 9: Light – Reflection and Refraction > 9.3 REFRACTION OF LIGHT > p. 145
2. [2] Science , class X (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 9: Light – Reflection and Refraction > Activity 9.10 > p. 147