Statement I: For early societies, historians retrieve information about elite families mostly from inscriptions.

Statement II: Satavahana inscriptions generally end with the term Putra, a Prakrit word meaning 'son'.

Statement I is true: In early societies, historians reconstruct family trees and relationships of elite ruling dynasties primarily through inscriptions. These epigraphic records provide reliable details about lineages, marriages, and successions.

Statement II is false: This statement contains two major factual errors:

• Incorrect Language: Putra is a Sanskrit word, not Prakrit. The Prakrit equivalent actually used in Satavahana inscriptions is Puta.
• Incorrect Placement: Satavahana inscriptions do not "end" with this term. The kings used metronymics (names derived from their mother) where the first part of their title ended in -puta (e.g., Gotami-puta), but their actual names followed it (e.g., Gotami-puta Siri-Satakani).

Therefore, Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.