Which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. Population ageing is the process by which the share of the older population becomes proportionately lesser. 2. In most of the developed countries, the population in higher age groups has increased. Select the correct answer using the code given below :

Population ageing is defined as the process by which the share of the older population becomes proportionately larger, not lesser. It is characterized by an increase in the median age of a population and a rising percentage of people aged 60 or 65 and above. Therefore, statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2 is correct because population ageing is a distinctive demographic phenomenon that emerged first in developed countries. In these nations, the proportion of people in higher age groups has increased significantly due to long-term declines in fertility and mortality rates. While this trend is now accelerating in developing countries, developed nations currently maintain higher shares of elderly populations, with projections indicating that by 2050, over 21% of the population in most OECD countries will be aged.

Sources

1. [1] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9577145/
2. [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_ageing