Consider the following statements : 1. In Hind Swaraj, Mahatma Gandhi formulates a conception of good life for the individual as well as the society 2. Hind Swaraj was the outcome of the experience of Gandhi’s prolonged struggle against Colonial Raj in India Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

Statement 1 is correct as 'Hind Swaraj' (1909) presents Gandhi's vision of a 'good life' for both the individual and society. He defines Swaraj not merely as political independence but as 'self-rule' where individuals learn to rule themselves through ethical behavior and self-control [3]. He envisions a new social order based on moral values, village-level organization, and the eradication of dehumanizing institutions [3]. Statement 2 is incorrect because 'Hind Swaraj' was written in 1909 while Gandhi was still primarily active in South Africa. It was the outcome of his experiences and struggles against racial discrimination and colonial policies in South Africa, as well as his interactions with Indian anarchists in London, rather than a 'prolonged struggle against the Colonial Raj in India' [2]. He only returned to India permanently in 1915.

Sources

1. [1] Political Theory, Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: Freedom > SWARAJ > p. 20
2. [3] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 19: Civil Disobedience Movement and Round Table Conferences > Ideological Differences and Similarities between Gandhi and Ambedkar > p. 396
3. [2] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 22: Nationalist Response in the Wake of World War II > Form of Government > p. 424