Who among the following Prime Ministers of India were defeated by a vote of No Confidence / Confidence on the floor of the House?

1. Morarji Desai
2. Vishwanath Pratap Singh
3. H.D. Deve Gowda
4. Atal Bihari Vajpayee

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

In Indian parliamentary history, several Prime Ministers have lost power due to the lack of confidence in the Lok Sabha. V.P. Singh was the first Prime Minister to be defeated by a formal No-Confidence Motion in 1990 after the BJP withdrew support . H.D. Deve Gowda was defeated in a vote of confidence in 1997 when the Congress party withdrew its external support. Atal Bihari Vajpayee famously lost a vote of confidence by a single vote in 1999 . While Morarji Desai's government faced a No-Confidence Motion in 1979, he resigned before the motion could be put to a final vote to avoid a certain defeat. Therefore, technically, only V.P. Singh, H.D. Deve Gowda, and Atal Bihari Vajpayee were defeated on the floor of the House by a vote, making options 2, 3, and 4 correct.

Sources

1. [1] Indian Constitution at Work, Political Science Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 5: LEGISLATURE > Instruments of Parliamentary Control > p. 117
2. [2] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 39: After Nehru... > Vajpayee's Short-Lived Term as Prime Minister > p. 751