Which of the following statements about the Ilbert Bill (1883) is/are correct? 1. It proposed to grant limited criminal jurisdiction to native officials. 2. It proposed to grant complete civil and criminal jurisdiction to native officials. 3. The proposed Bill generated opposition from England’s European subjects in India. 4. In spite of opposition to the Bill, it was passed without any modifications. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

The Ilbert Bill (1883), introduced during Lord Ripon's viceroyalty, proposed to grant limited criminal jurisdiction to senior native officials, such as Indian district magistrates and sessions judges, allowing them to try European British subjects in criminal cases [5]. This was a modest attempt to remove racial disqualifications within the judiciary [2]. However, the bill did not propose complete civil and criminal jurisdiction for all native officials, as civil jurisdiction was already largely held by them [3]. The proposal sparked intense opposition and racial bitterness from the European community in India, including tea and indigo planters [2]. Due to this vehement agitation, Ripon was forced to modify the bill in 1884, introducing a compromise where Europeans could demand a trial by a jury that was at least half European [5]. Thus, it was not passed without modifications.

Sources

1. [1] Modern India ,Bipin Chandra, History class XII (NCERT 1982 ed.)[Old NCERT] > Chapter 12: Growth of New India—The Nationalist Movement 1858—1905 > Immediate Factors > p. 203
2. [2] Modern India ,Bipin Chandra, History class XII (NCERT 1982 ed.)[Old NCERT] > Chapter 12: Growth of New India—The Nationalist Movement 1858—1905 > Immediate Factors > p. 204
3. [5] https://www.britannica.com/event/Ilbert-Bill
4. [3] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 10: Beginning of Modern Nationalism in India > Reactionary Policies and Racial Arrogance of Rulers > p. 243