Which of the following statements about the Non-Cooperation Movement is/are correct? 1. It was marked by significant participation of peasants from Karnataka. 2. It was marked by non-Brahmin lower caste participation in Madras and Maharashtra. 3. It was marked by the lack of labour unrest in places like Assam, Bengal and Madras. 4. It was badly shaken by the Chauri Chaura incident in 1922 after which Gandhiji decided to continue with the movement on a much smaller scale. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

The Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922) was a significant mass movement that saw diverse participation. Statement 2 is correct as the movement witnessed substantial involvement from non-Brahmin lower castes in Madras and Maharashtra, where the Justice Party and Satyashodhak Samaj influences intersected with nationalist fervor. Statement 1 is incorrect; while peasants participated in many regions, the movement in Karnataka was relatively limited compared to the later Civil Disobedience phase. Statement 3 is incorrect because the period was marked by intense labour unrest, including strikes in Bengal (jute mills), Madras (Buckingham and Carnatic Mills), and tea plantations in Assam. Statement 4 is incorrect because following the Chauri Chaura incident in February 1922, Gandhiji decided to withdraw the movement entirely, not continue it on a smaller scale [4]. The Congress Working Committee subsequently ratified this total suspension at Bardoli [4].

Sources

1. [1] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 39: After Nehru... > Non-cooperation Movement > p. 806
2. [2] India and the Contemporary World – II. History-Class X . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Nationalism in India > April 1919 > p. 42
3. [4] THEMES IN INDIAN HISTORY PART III, History CLASS XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 11: MAHATMA GANDHI AND THE NATIONALIST MOVEMENT > 2. The Making and Unmaking of Non-cooperation > p. 291