Which of the following statements with reference to Jordan is/are correct ? 1. The country of Jordan was created through the British Mandate after World War I. 2. It is a landlocked country. Select the answer using the code given below :

Statement 1 is correct as the modern state of Jordan originated from the Emirate of Transjordan, which was established in 1921 under the British Mandate following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire after World War I [2]. Britain formally recognized the Emirate in 1923, and it eventually gained full independence as the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in 1946 [3]. Statement 2 is incorrect because Jordan is not a landlocked country. While it has a very short coastline, it possesses a critical maritime outlet at the city of Aqaba. This port is located at the northern end of the Gulf of Aqaba, providing Jordan with approximately 26 kilometers of coastline along the Red Sea [4]. Therefore, Jordan has direct access to international waters, disqualifying it from being classified as landlocked.

Sources

1. [1] http://www.kinghussein.gov.jo/his_transjordan.html
2. [2] https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/about/archives/2023/countries/jordan/
3. [3] https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-14631981
4. [4] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 9: Divergent Boundary > 9.2. The Great Rift Valley > p. 129