Considered the following statements about national calendar of India I. The national calendar based on the Saka era with Chaitra as its first month. II. Dates of the national calendar have a permanent correspondence with dates of the Gregorian calendar. Which of the statement given above is/are correct?

The Indian National Calendar is based on the Saka Era, which was officially adopted by the Government of India on March 22, 1957 [t1][t2]. Statement I is correct as Chaitra is the first month of this calendar [t5][t9]. Statement II is also correct because the National Calendar maintains a permanent correspondence with the Gregorian calendar [t2][t3]. In a normal year, 1 Chaitra corresponds to March 22, while in a leap year, it corresponds to March 21 [c1][t6]. This synchronization is achieved by adding a day to Chaitra during leap years, ensuring the calendar remains aligned with the solar cycle and the Gregorian system [c1][t8]. The calendar is used for official purposes such as the Gazette of India and All India Radio broadcasts [t2][t4].

Sources

1. [1] http://soe.jnu.ac.in/sites/default/files/2022-03/Indian_National_Calendar_and_School_Academic_Calendar.pdf
2. [2] https://knowindia.india.gov.in/national-identity-elements/national-calendar.php
3. [3] Science ,Class VIII . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 11: Keeping Time with the Skies > Fig. 11.9: Indian National Calendar > p. 182
4. [4] https://amritkaal.nic.in/blogdetail?92