Which of the four linguistic regions in South India remained unaffected by the Non-Cooperation Movement (1921-22) ?

The Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-22) saw significant participation across various parts of South India, but its impact was notably minimal in the Karnataka region compared to its neighbors. In Kerala, the movement was intensely felt through the Khilafat agitation and the subsequent Malabar Rebellion of 1921. In the Andhra region, leaders like Gopala Menon and others actively organized volunteer groups and supported the movement. Tamil Nadu, then part of the Madras Presidency, also witnessed active participation and leadership in the struggle. While the movement was technically nationwide [3], historical analysis of the four major linguistic regions of the South indicates that Karnataka remained the least affected during this specific 1921-22 phase. The region's political mobilization gained significant momentum later during the Civil Disobedience Movement and the unification struggles rather than during the initial Non-Cooperation phase.

Sources

1. [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malabar_rebellion