The electronic voting machines are developed jointly with 1. Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited 2. Bharat Electronics Limited 3. Electronics Corporation of India Limited 4. Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs) in India are developed and manufactured by two specific Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs). These are Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL), based in Bangalore, and Electronics Corporation of India Limited (ECIL), based in Hyderabad [3]. The design of these machines was a collaborative effort between the Technical Experts Committee (TEC) of the Election Commission and these two companies [2]. BEL and ECIL are the only authorized entities responsible for the manufacturing and First Level Checking (FLC) of EVMs and Voter Verifiable Paper Audit Trail (VVPAT) systems [2]. While Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) is a major engineering PSU, it is primarily involved in power and infrastructure, not EVM production. Similarly, Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL) is a telecommunications provider and does not participate in the development or manufacturing of voting hardware.

Sources

1. [2] https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/releases98/lyr2001/rapr2001/16042001/r160420014.html
2. [3] https://frontline.thehindu.com/cover-story/article30221269.ece