Which of the following statements about the 73rd and 74 th Constitution Amendment Act is/are correct? 1. It makes it mandatory for all States to establish a three-tier system of Government. 2. Representatives should be directly elected for five years. 3. There should be mandatory reservation of one-third of all seats in all Panchayats at all levels for women. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

The 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts established a local tier of government [4]. Statement 1 is incorrect because the three-tier system is not mandatory for all states; states with a population not exceeding 20 lakh are exempt from constituting the intermediate level [3]. Statement 2 is correct as the Acts mandate that representatives at all levels be directly elected by the people for a five-year term . Statement 3 is correct because Article 243D and 243T mandate the reservation of not less than one-third of the total number of seats for women in Panchayats and Municipalities at all levels . While the 73rd Amendment specifically targets rural local bodies (Panchayats), the 74th Amendment provides a similar framework for urban local bodies (Municipalities) [4]. Therefore, only statements 2 and 3 are universally accurate regarding the mandatory provisions of these amendments.

Sources

1. [1] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 4: Salient Features of the Constitution > III I Three-tier Government > p. 33
2. [4] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 15: Regional Development and Planning > 5. The Panchayat-Level Planning > p. 58
3. [3] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 40: Municipalities > 74TH AMENDMENT ACT OF 1992 > p. 399