Which of the following statements is/are correct ? 1. C. Rajagopalachari was the first recipient of the Bharat Ratna. 2. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya initiated the concept of 'Integral Humanism'. Select the answer using the code given below :

Statement 1 is correct as C. Rajagopalachari was one of the three inaugural recipients of the Bharat Ratna in 1954, alongside C.V. Raman and Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan [1]. He was a prominent Indian independence activist and the last Governor-General of India [1]. Statement 2 is also correct; Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya, a leader of the Bharatiya Jana Sangh, initiated and propounded the concept of 'Integral Humanism' (Ekatma Manav Darshan) in the 1960s [4]. This philosophy was adopted as the official doctrine of the Jana Sangh in 1965, aiming to provide an indigenous socio-economic model centered on human development and Indian cultural values as an alternative to Western capitalism and communism [4]. Since both statements are factually accurate, the correct option is 3.

Sources

1. [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C._Rajagopalachari
2. [4] https://kmclu.ac.in/public/uploads/2021/02/RAFAT-FATIMA.pdf