Consider the following provisions under the Directive Principles of State Policy as enshrined in the Constitution of India: 1. Securing for citizens of India a uniform civil code 2. Organizing village Panchayats 3. Promoting cottage industries in rural areas 4. Securing for all the workers reasonable leisure and cultural opportunities Which of the above are the Gandhian Principles that are reflected in the Directive Principles of State Policy?

The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) are classified into Socialistic, Gandhian, and Liberal-Intellectual categories [4]. Gandhian principles represent the program of reconstruction enunciated by Gandhi during the national movement. Specifically, Article 40 mandates the organization of village panchayats as units of self-government [2]. Article 43 promotes cottage industries on an individual or cooperative basis in rural areas [2]. In contrast, securing a Uniform Civil Code (Article 44) is classified as a Liberal-Intellectual principle [1]. Securing reasonable leisure and cultural opportunities for workers is part of Article 43; however, while the promotion of cottage industries within that article is Gandhian, the provision for leisure and living wages is generally categorized under Socialistic principles. Therefore, only statements 2 and 3 align strictly with the Gandhian classification in the Indian Constitution.

Sources

1. [4] Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 4: Salient Features of the Constitution > IDirective Principles of State Policy > p. 30
2. [1] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 92: World Constitutions > DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY > p. 697
3. [2] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 9: Directive Principles of State Policy > Gandhian Principles > p. 110