Consider the following statements: I. ELISA test is employed as the first and most basic test for an individual to detect cancer. II. Almost 50 per cent of human beings have Rh+ blood while the remaining have Rh–blood. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Statement I is incorrect: ELISA is a laboratory technique to detect antigens or antibodies and is used to measure specific biomarkers (including some tumour markers) rather than being a universal ‘first and most basic’ cancer screening test; ELISAs are applied for targeted diagnostics and monitoring (e.g., validated assays for HER2), not as a standalone primary population screening tool [2]. Statement II is incorrect: multiple population studies show Rh‑positive is the large majority (e.g., ~88% Rh‑positive reported in an Iranian study) and other regional surveys likewise report high Rh‑positive prevalences, so Rh‑positive is far greater than ~50% in most populations [4]. Therefore, neither statement is correct.

Sources

1. [1] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11808753/
2. [2] https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-59630-y
3. [3] https://www.emro.who.int/emhj-volume-26-2020/volume-26-issue-8/prevalence-of-abo-and-rh-blood-groups-and-their-association-with-demographic-and-anthropometric-factors-in-an-iranian-population-mashad-study.html
4. [4] https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1155/2024/5353528