If the Finance Minister fails to get the Annual Budget passed in the Lok Sabha, Prime Minister is expected to

In the Indian parliamentary system, the Annual Budget is treated as a Money Bill. Under the principle of collective responsibility, the Council of Ministers is answerable to the Lok Sabha [t6]. If the Finance Minister fails to get the Budget passed in the Lok Sabha, it is interpreted as a loss of confidence in the government [t2][t8]. Since the Prime Minister heads the Council of Ministers, the defeat of a major government policy like the Budget necessitates the resignation of the entire Cabinet [t1]. This is because the government no longer commands the majority required to govern or manage the nation's finances. Unlike other bills, there is no provision for a joint session of both Houses to resolve a deadlock on Money Bills or the Budget [c1][c3]. Therefore, the Prime Minister must submit the resignation of the entire Council of Ministers to the President.

Sources

1. [1] Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 23: Parliament > Stages in Enactment > p. 252
2. [2] Indian Economy, Vivek Singh (7th ed. 2023-24) > Chapter 4: Government Budgeting > Finance Bill > p. 149