Statement I : The Constitution of India is a liberal Constitution. Statement I : It provides Fundamental Rights to individuals.

Statement I is true as the Indian Constitution is fundamentally liberal, though it adapts classical liberalism to include social justice and community values [c1]. It emphasizes individual liberty, equality, and justice as promised in the Preamble [c3]. Statement II is also true because Part III of the Constitution provides specific Fundamental Rights to individuals, which are protected and guaranteed by the Constitution itself [c4]. These rights, such as equality before the law and personal liberty, are essential features that define the liberal character of the state [c3][t4]. Statement II serves as a correct explanation for Statement I because the provision of enforceable individual rights against state interference is a core tenet of constitutional liberalism. While Indian liberalism is unique in balancing individual rights with social needs, the inclusion of a 'Bill of Rights' (Fundamental Rights) is the primary mechanism through which its liberal philosophy is operationalized [c1][c5].

Sources

1. [1] Indian Constitution at Work, Political Science Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 10: THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE CONSTITUTION > Social Justice > p. 226
2. [2] Democratic Politics-I. Political Science-Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 5: DEMOCRATIC RIGHTS > 5.3 RIGHTS IN THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION > p. 79
3. [3] Indian Constitution at Work, Political Science Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: RIGHTS IN THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION > FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS IN THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION > p. 29
4. [4] Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 4: OUTSTANDING FEATURES OF OUR CONSTITUTION > OUTSTANDING FEATURES OF OUR CONSTITUTION > p. 46
5. [5] https://cdnbbsr.s3waas.gov.in/s37a68443f5c80d181c42967cd71612af1/uploads/2025/03/202503191588421549.pdf