Statement I : The Government of India Act, 1935 introduced Dyarchy at the Centre. Statement I : The provincial autonomy was granted to the provinces.

The Government of India Act, 1935, was a landmark legislation that significantly altered the administrative structure of British India. Statement I is true as the Act abolished dyarchy at the provincial level and introduced it at the Centre, dividing federal subjects into 'Reserved' and 'Transferred' categories. Statement II is also true because the Act granted 'provincial autonomy' to the provinces, allowing them to function as autonomous units of administration within their defined spheres [2]. However, Statement II is not the correct explanation of Statement I. The introduction of dyarchy at the Centre was part of the proposed federal scheme to manage central subjects, whereas provincial autonomy was a separate reform aimed at replacing the failed dyarchic system previously established in the provinces by the 1919 Act. Thus, while both are key features of the 1935 Act, they represent distinct structural changes at different levels of government.

Sources

1. [1] Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 1: Historical Background > The features of this Act were as follows: > p. 8
2. [2] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 1: Historical Background > The features of this Act were as follows: > p. 8