When Raja Wodeyar founded the Kingdom of Mysore, who was the ruler of the Vijayanagar Empire?

After the battle of Talikota (1565) the Vijayanagar polity fragmented, and “in 1612 a Hindu kingdom under the Wodeyars emerged in the region of Mysore” [1]. The Vijayanagar ruler in power around 1612 was Venkata II (reigned c.1586–1614), so Venkata II is the correct choice. The other named rulers belong to different phases of Vijayanagar’s history (Sadasiva and Tirumala being earlier/later figures in the post-Talikota succession disputes, and Ranga II likewise not matching the 1612 timeframe); therefore option 4 best fits the historical chronology tied to the Wodeyars’ emergence as a distinct kingdom [1].

Sources

1. [1] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 5: Expansion and Consolidation of British Power in India > The Wodeyar / Mysore Dynasty > p. 94