Which among the following ports was called Babul Makka (Gate of Makka) during the Mughal Period ?

The correct answer is Surat (option 4). During the Mughal period Surat was the principal western seaport of the empire and a major embarkation point for pilgrims and trade, which led contemporaries to refer to it as the “Gate of Mecca” (Bāb al-Makkah). Its economic and maritime prominence under the Mughals is attested by accounts of Mughal campaigns and Maratha attacks focused on Surat, underscoring its status as the most important port on the western coast [1]. This combination of pilgrimage traffic and commercial importance explains the epithet Babul Makka applied to Surat in the early modern period.

Sources

1. [1] History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 15: The Marathas > Conflict with the Mughals (1670) > p. 227