Which of the following diseases can be transmitted from one person to another through tattooing? 1. Chikungunya 2. Hepatitis B 3. HIV-AIDS Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

Tattooing involves the repeated piercing of the skin with needles, which causes bleeding and creates a direct pathway for bloodborne pathogens if equipment is not sterile. Hepatitis B (HBV) and HIV-AIDS are both transmitted through contact with infected body fluids, particularly blood [1]. Studies confirm that unsafe tattooing practices, such as reusing needles or using contaminated ink, significantly increase the risk of transmitting HBV and HIV. Specifically, HBV has a high transmission risk (5-30%) from a single needlestick injury, while HIV has a lower but documented risk (0.2-0.4%). In contrast, Chikungunya is primarily an arthropod-borne viral disease transmitted to humans through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes. There is no standard evidence supporting the transmission of Chikungunya through tattooing or direct blood-to-blood contact in the same manner as chronic bloodborne viruses.

Sources

1. [1] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6974244/