Which of the following statements relating to the Non-alignment movement is/are not correct ? 1. Non-alignment came to symbolize the struggle of India and other newly independent nations to retain and strengthen their independence from colonialism and imperialism. 2. Non-alignment advanced the process of democratization of international relations. ’ 3. Military alliances formed a major part of Non-alignment. Select the correct answer using the code given below :

The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) was founded on the principle of strategic autonomy for newly independent nations, symbolizing their struggle to strengthen independence from colonialism and imperialism [t1][t2]. It aimed to provide a voice for developing countries and promoted the democratization of international relations by challenging the bipolar hegemony of the Cold War era [t3][t9]. Statement 3 is incorrect because NAM explicitly rejected military alliances. A core criterion for membership was that a country should not be a member of multilateral military alliances or bilateral agreements concluded in the context of Great Power conflicts [c4][t9]. Jawaharlal Nehru emphasized that non-alignment meant an active disapproval of participation in military blocs or 'lining up for war purposes' [c1][c2]. Therefore, since statement 3 is false and the question asks for the 'not correct' statement, the answer is 3 only.

Sources

1. [1] https://files.core.ac.uk/download/pdf/144514089.pdf
2. [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement
3. [3] https://www.mea.gov.in/Speeches-Statements.htm?dtl/20349/History+and+Evolution+of+NonAligned+Movement
4. [4] https://www.britannica.com/topic/Non-Aligned-Movement
5. [5] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 36: The Evolution of Nationalist Foreign Policy > Five Criteria of Non-alignment > p. 626
6. [6] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 36: The Evolution of Nationalist Foreign Policy > p. 627
7. [7] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 38: Developments under Nehru’s Leadership (1947-64) > Foreign Policy > p. 648