Which one of the following is the biggest cause of the incidence of migration of female persons in India?

In India, marriage is the predominant cause of female migration. According to Census data and various studies, marriage accounts for approximately 72% of total female migration. While male migration is primarily driven by economic factors like employment, female migration is largely social and family-related [1]. Specifically, marriage is the primary reason for 91% of rural female migrations and 61% of urban female migrations. Although there is a rising trend of women migrating for employment and education in recent years, especially to mega-cities, marriage remains the single most important factor behind female mobility across both intrastate and inter-state streams [1]. Other factors such as education, business, and employment contribute significantly less to the overall volume of female migration compared to the social custom of patrilocal residence after marriage [1].

Sources

1. [1] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 13: Cultural Setting > Internal Migration in India > p. 108