Which one of the following Bills must be passed by each House of the Indian Parliament separately, by special majority?

Answer is Constitution Amendment Bill (4). Constitutional amendment bills must be passed separately by each House by a special majority: a majority of the total membership and not less than two-thirds of members present and voting. The requirement of two kinds of special majorities and separate passage by each House (with no provision for a joint sitting) is laid down for amendment bills [1]. Texts further state that the special majority entails both a majority of total membership and two-thirds of those present and voting for passage in each House under Article 368 [2]. Ordinary, money and financial bills follow ordinary/simple majority procedures, so they do not require this special majority.

Sources

1. [1] Indian Constitution at Work, Political Science Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 9: CONSTITUTION AS A LIVING DOCUMENT > Special Majority > p. 202
2. [2] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 11: Amendment of the Constitution > By Special Majority of Parliament > p. 124