Which one of the following is the correct statement ? In India, the monsoon rainfall is mostly

In India, the monsoon rainfall is predominantly orographic in nature. This occurs because the moisture-laden southwest monsoon winds are physically obstructed by major mountain ranges, such as the Western Ghats and the Himalayas, forcing the air to rise, cool, and condense into precipitation [t4][t5]. While modern research indicates that monsoon rainfall is an amalgamation of convectional, orographic, and cyclonic mechanisms [c2], the orographic component remains the most significant contributor to the overall volume and spatial distribution of rainfall across the subcontinent [t4]. For instance, the Western Ghats and the Khasi Hills (Mawsynram/Cherrapunji) receive some of the world's highest rainfall due to this relief effect [t4][t7]. Cyclonic rainfall also occurs via monsoon depressions, particularly in the plains, but the primary driver for the heavy seasonal totals remains the relief-induced lifting of air masses [t3][t5].

Sources

1. [1] https://static.pib.gov.in/WriteReadData/specificdocs/documents/2025/jul/doc2025715586601.pdf
2. [2] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 4: Climate of India > The Thermal Concept of Halley > p. 3
3. [3] https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/82968/9/Hunt-Fletcher2019_Article_TheRelationshipBetweenIndianMo.pdf