Integrated Critical Infrastructure Safety and Security: UPSC Current Affairs Analysis & Study Strategy
ExamRobot — UPSC prep tools
ExploreKey Takeaways
- Aviation security is evolving from preventing physical hijackings to mitigating electronic interference like GPS spoofing.
- The UDAN scheme acts as a major economic catalyst, with every Rs 1 invested generating over Rs 3 in economic output.
- Disaster Management is becoming sector-specific, with the 2021 Dam Safety Act signaling a more specialized regulatory era.
- Infrastructure safety is increasingly dependent on real-time data (fog sensors, cattle alerts) rather than just physical engineering.
In-Depth Analysis
The Big Picture
India is currently navigating a high-growth phase in civil aviation, road transport, and water infrastructure, transitioning from 'unmet' demand to 'universal' connectivity. However, this expansion is creating a friction point between rapid asset creation and the institutional capacity for safety oversight. The overarching tension lies in balancing the economic multiplier effects of infrastructure (like the UDAN scheme) with the increasingly complex security threats—ranging from GPS spoofing in aviation to systemic infrastructure gaps on national highways.
Cross-Theme Insight
Together, these threads reveal a shift in the nature of 'disaster' from traditional natural calamities to 'technological and systemic failures.' Whether it is the 'safety gap' on the Yamuna Expressway, GPS interference at the borders, or illegal rat-hole mining, the common denominator is the failure of regulatory enforcement despite robust statutory frameworks. It shows that infrastructure security is no longer just about physical durability but also involves technical resilience (cyber/GPS) and strict adherence to human-centric protocols (FDTL/Flight Duty Time).
Textbook vs Reality Gap
While standard textbooks emphasize the physical growth of the aviation sector—citing India as the 'third-largest domestic aviation market' (Nitin Singhania, Ch 15, p. 456)—the news items highlight 'technical and operational vulnerabilities' like GPS spoofing and pilot fatigue that textbooks have yet to fully integrate. Furthermore, where textbooks focus on the 2005 Disaster Management Act (CDS-II 2025, NIDM), current events show a more specialized legislative shift toward the Dam Safety Act 2021 and the role of the National Dam Safety Authority (NDSA) in auditing projects like Bargi and Kaleshwaram.
How This Theme Is Evolving
The theme has evolved from basic infrastructure provision (2010s) to technology-driven safety management (2025-26). We see a trajectory where NHAI and MoRTH are moving from 'building roads' to 'managing flow' through AI cattle alerts and QR-coded signboards, reflecting a 'Digital Infrastructure 2.0' approach.
UPSC Exam Intelligence
Previous Year Question Pattern
Traditional questions focused on the institutional roles of AAI and DGCA (IAS 2003, NID 4206). Recent patterns show an interest in specific regional connectivity schemes like UDAN (NDA-II 2022, NID 17888) and technical navigation systems like GAGAN (CDS-I 2012, NID 11765). There is an emerging trend toward testing digital security frameworks, such as Public Key Infrastructure (IAS 2018/2020) and telecommunications policy (CDS-II 2022).
Probable Prelims Angles
- Statutory nature and headquarters of the National Dam Safety Authority (NDSA) under the Dam Safety Act 2021
- Definition and function of 'GPS Spoofing' vs 'Jamming' in aviation security
- Flight Duty Time Limitations (FDTL) rules and the role of DGCA in granting exemptions
- The 'Battery Pack Aadhaar Number' (BPAN) as a digital identity for EVs under MoRTH
- Multiplier effect of aviation on economy: Rs 1 investment yields Rs 3.25 in output (Nitin Singhania statistic)
Mains Answer Framework
- India’s infrastructure sector is witnessing a paradigm shift where the focus is transitioning from 'quantity of connectivity' to the 'quality of safety and security' amid rapid market expansion.
- The Economic Multiplier vs. Regulatory Lag: Use UDAN's success (73 airports operationalized) against the Parliamentary Panel's warnings on safety gaps in Baramati.. Technological Vulnerabilities: Discuss how traditional physical security is being replaced by electronic warfare challenges like GPS spoofing and digital arrests/cyber-fraud.. Institutional Oversight: The role of statutory bodies (NDSA for dams, AAIB for aircraft accidents) in ensuring accountability beyond the initial construction phase.
- Adopting a 'Safety-by-Design' approach and strengthening the independence of regulators like the DGCA is essential for sustaining the vision of a 'Viksit Bharat' infrastructure by 2047.
Essay Connections
- The Price of Speed: Balancing rapid development with public safety in India's growth story.
- Digital India and the Challenge of New-Age Threats: Using GPS spoofing and telecom security reforms as examples.
Preparation Strategy
Reading Approach
Start with the 'Statutory Frameworks' (Dam Safety Act 2021, Motor Vehicles Act, FSS Act) to understand how the government regulates safety. Then, layer in the current news items as 'Failure Case Studies' (Bargi Dam, Yamuna Expressway accident) to analyze the gap between policy and implementation.
Textbook Roadmap
- Nitin Singhania, Indian Economy, Ch 15: Infrastructure. Threads 6, 8, 10 (Aviation growth and UDAN stats). Sections on Civil Aviation and Investment Models
- Majid Husain, Geography of India, Ch 12: Transport and Communication. Threads 3, 12, 17 (Road safety issues). Main problems of road transport in India
Revision Bullets
- Dam Safety Act 2021: Establishes National Dam Safety Authority (NDSA) in New Delhi.
- Aviation Stat: India is the 3rd largest domestic aviation market globally (Nitin Singhania).
- UDAN Scale: 73 airports operationalized as of 2023-2024 (NCERT 2025).
- Road Safety Month 2026: Launch of real-time stray cattle alert system by NHAI.
- BPAN: 21-character unique ID proposed for EV battery packs.
- GPS Spoofing: 465 incidents reported in Indian border areas (2023-2025).
Sub-Themes and News Coverage (20 themes, 90 news items)
Structural Collapses and Construction Failures
Focus: Incidents involving the physical failure, collapse, or cave-in of man-made infrastructure (tunnels, bridges, buildings, mines) resulting in casualties.
UPSC Value: Useful for analyzing patterns in infrastructure safety, regulatory oversight in construction/mining, and disaster response to structural failures.
9 news items in this theme:
- 2026-02-07 [Environment & Ecology] — Rat-hole Mining Tragedy in Meghalaya
A deadly explosion in an illegally operating rat-hole coal mine in East Jaintia Hills district, Meghalaya, has resulted in the death of 25 miners. The incident highlights the persistence of illegal mining despite a ban by the National Green Tribunal (NGT) and the Supreme Court. Over 22,000 illegal mine openings are in East Jaintia Hills alone, and over 25,000 across Meghalaya.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- Location: East Jaintia Hills district, Meghalaya
- Event: Dynamite explosion in an illegal rat-hole coal mine
- Casualties: 25 miners died
- Issue: Persistence of illegal mining despite bans
- Bans: National Green Tribunal (NGT) and Supreme Court
- Mine structure: Five vertical shafts (almost 100 feet deep), each shaft branching into 2–3 narrow horizontal tunnels
- Tunnel Dimensions: Tunnels measuring only 2 feet high and 3 feet wide
- Casualty: 25 miners dead
- Mining type: Illegal rat-hole coal mine
- Regulatory status: Banned by NGT and Supreme Court
- Illegal mine openings in East Jaintia Hills: Over 22,000
- Illegal mine openings across Meghalaya: Over 25,000
- 2025-11-23 [Disaster Management] — Bridge Collapse in Gujarat
11 people were killed after a section of the Gambhira-Mujpur bridge in Gujarat's Vadodara collapsed.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- 11 people killed
- Gambhira-Mujpur bridge collapsed
- Location: Padra taluka, Vadodara, Gujarat
- 2025-11-19 [Disaster Management] — Stone quarry collapse in Obra, Uttar Pradesh
A stone quarry in Obra experienced a catastrophic collapse, trapping around a dozen workers. The Uttar Pradesh government has initiated a three-tier investigation involving the district administration, police, and mining department. An FIR has been filed against the quarry owner for alleged safety violations.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- Location: Obra, Uttar Pradesh
- Incident: Stone quarry collapse
- Investigation: Three-tier investigation initiated by Uttar Pradesh government
- FIR filed against quarry owner for safety violations
- 2025-09-30 [Society & Culture] — 9 migrant workers killed in Chennai scaffolding collapse
Nine migrant workers were killed and one seriously injured after scaffolding collapsed at a power plant construction site in Chennai. Injured workers were rushed to Stanley Government Hospital.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- 9 migrant workers killed
- Scaffolding collapse
- Power plant construction site
- Chennai
- 2025-07-27 [Polity & Governance] — NCST Issues Notice to Rajasthan Government Over School Roof Collapse
The National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST) has issued notices to Rajasthan authorities following a government school roof collapse in Jhalawar district that resulted in the deaths of seven children and injuries to dozens more. The NCST took suo motu cognisance of the incident, noting that several of the deceased and injured students belonged to Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe communities.More details
UPSC Angle: NCST issues notice to Rajasthan govt over school roof collapse.
Key Facts:
- Incident: Government school roof collapse in Jhalawar district, Rajasthan
- Deaths: 7 children
- Injured: Dozens
- Commission: National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST)
- 2025-07-12 [Geography] — Delhi Building Collapse
A four-story building collapsed in the Welcome area of northeast Delhi on Saturday morning, resulting in six fatalities and eight injuries; rescue operations are underway.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- Welcome area
- northeast Delhi
- 6 deaths
- 8 injuries
- 2025-07-10 [Disaster Management] — Vadodara bridge collapse
A key bridge collapsed in Vadodara, resulting in 12 fatalities.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- Vadodara
- bridge collapse
- 12 fatalities
- 2025-06-13 [Disaster Management] — Chennai Metro Rail segment collapse
A massive concrete segment collapsed at a Chennai Metro Rail construction site near DLF Ramapuram, resulting in the death of a motorcyclist and potential injuries to others. The incident caused significant traffic congestion on the Poonamallee-St Thomas Mount Road.More details
UPSC Angle: Chennai Metro Rail segment collapse resulted in fatality.
Key Facts:
- Concrete segment collapsed at Chennai Metro Rail site
- Location: near DLF Ramapuram
- 1 motorcyclist died
- 2025-03-01 [Disaster Management] — Telangana tunnel collapse: whereabouts of trapped individuals located
In the Telangana tunnel collapse rescue operation, the whereabouts of four of the eight trapped individuals have been located. This information was announced by state Excise Minister Jupally Krishna Rao.More details
UPSC Angle: Telangana tunnel collapse: whereabouts of trapped individuals located.
Key Facts:
- Telangana
- Tunnel collapse
- Four individuals located
- Jupally Krishna Rao
Telecom Security Framework and Digital Safety
Focus: Initiatives by the DoT, TRAI, and MHA to strengthen the telecommunications infrastructure, enhance cyber security governance, and combat digital fraud.
UPSC Value: Highlights the multi-pronged approach to digital security, involving regulatory changes (Tariff Order), active policing (MHA panel), and preventive infrastructure (DoT reforms/apps).
8 news items in this theme:
- 2026-02-22 [Defense & Security] — Security alert on illegal use of satellite phones in Indian waters.
Security agencies have issued an alert regarding the illegal use of satellite communication devices in Indian waters, which poses a threat to national security. The Directorate General of Shipping (DGS) is proposing stricter penalties under the Indian Telecommunications Act, 2023, and the Merchant Shipping Act, 2025, to prevent unauthorized usage.More details
UPSC Angle: Security alert on illegal use of satellite phones in Indian waters.
Key Facts:
- Alert issued on illegal use of satellite phones in Indian waters.
- Violation of Indian Telecommunications Act, 2023, and Merchant Shipping Act, 2025.
- Applies to Indian and foreign-flagged ships and vessels.
- 2026-02-20 [Polity & Governance] — NDMA Conducts Emergency Alert System Test
The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), in coordination with the Department of Telecommunications (DoT), carried out a live test of the government's emergency alert system. The exercise involved sending a broadcast message to Android and iOS smartphones to assess the new public safety mechanism.More details
UPSC Angle: NDMA conducts emergency alert system test.
Key Facts:
- NDMA, in coordination with DoT, conducted a live test of the government's emergency alert system.
- The system was developed by the Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT).
- The system is already operational across all 36 States and Union Territories (UTs) in India.
- 2025-12-31 [Science & Technology] — Three Major Reforms to Strengthen Telecom Security
In December 2025, Union Minister Jyotiraditya M. Scindia announced 3 major reforms introduced by the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) through its National Centre for Communication Security (NCCS), aimed to bolster India’s telecom security ecosystem.More details
UPSC Angle: DoT introduces 3 reforms to strengthen telecom security.
Key Facts:
- Union Minister Jyotiraditya M. Scindia, Ministry of Communications, announced 3 major reforms.
- Introduced by the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) through its National Centre for Communication Security (NCCS).
- Aimed to bolster India’s telecom security ecosystem.
- 2025-12-16 [Polity & Governance] — MHA forms inter-ministerial panel to deal digital arrests
The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has formed a high-level inter-departmental committee to eliminate systemic gaps and ensure real-time protection for cybercrime victims. A bench headed by Chief Justice Surya Kant on December 16, 2025, ordered inter-departmental ministerial consultations under the guidance of Attorney General R Venkataramani on the issue.More details
UPSC Angle: MHA forms inter-ministerial panel to deal with digital arrests.
Key Facts:
- MHA: Formed inter-departmental committee to deal with digital arrests
- CBI has taken over the investigation into a fraud case of Delhi where a 76-year-old widowed pensioner was allegedly duped of â‚ą1.64 crore
- 2025-12-03 [Polity & Governance] — DOT's directive on preloaded government app
The Department of Telecommunication's (DOT) directive, issued on November 28 under the Telecommunication Cyber Security Amendment Rules 2025, mandating the preloading of a government-controlled app on mobile devices, has faced criticism over privacy and surveillance issues. The app, similar to the Aarogya Setu app during Covid-19, allows tracking and blocking of lost or stolen phones using the IMEI number.More details
UPSC Angle: DOT directive on preloaded government app under cybersecurity rules.
Key Facts:
- Directive date: November 28
- Rules: Telecommunication Cyber Security Amendment Rules 2025
- Department: Department of Telecommunication (DOT)
- App function: Tracking and blocking lost/stolen phones
- Identifier: IMEI number
- 2025-10-25 [Science & Technology] — National Cyber Security Awareness Month
The Department of Telecommunication (DoT) hosted a Cyber Security Awareness webinar on October 24, 2025, as part of the National Cyber Security Awareness Month to promote cyber awareness and enhance the digital ecosystem. The webinar addressed cyber threats, phishing, vishing, and governance challenges.More details
UPSC Angle: National Cyber Security Awareness Month observed.
Key Facts:
- Department of Telecommunication (DoT) hosted Cyber Security Awareness webinar on October 24, 2025
- Part of National Cyber Security Awareness Month
- Focus: promoting cyber awareness and enhancing digital ecosystem
- Addressed cyber threats, phishing, vishing, and governance challenges
- 2025-07-15 [Schemes & Programs] — Sanchar Mitra Scheme Launched
The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) launched the nationwide 'Sanchar Mitra Scheme' to engage student volunteers as “Digital Ambassadors(Sanchar Mitras)” promoting telecom awareness and digital literacy.More details
UPSC Angle: DoT launched 'Sanchar Mitra Scheme' to promote telecom awareness.
Key Facts:
- Scheme: Sanchar Mitra Scheme
- Launched by: Department of Telecommunications (DoT)
- Objective: Promote telecom awareness and digital literacy
- Implementers: Student volunteers as “Digital Ambassadors(Sanchar Mitras)”
- 2025-06-17 [Schemes & Programs] — TRAI Releases Telecommunication Tariff Order 2025 on PM-WANI Scheme
TRAI (Telecom Regulatory Authority of India) released the Telecommunication Tariff Order 2025 concerning tariffs for retail broadband connectivity for Public Data Offices (PDOs) under the Prime Minister's Wi-Fi Access Network Interface (PM-WANI) scheme. The Department of Telecommunications launched the PM-WANI scheme in 2020 to expand Wi-Fi access.More details
UPSC Angle: TRAI releases tariff order on PM-WANI scheme retail broadband connectivity.
Key Facts:
- TRAI
- Telecommunication Tariff Order 2025
- Tariffs for retail broadband connectivity
- Public Data Offices (PDOs)
- PM-WANI scheme
- Launched by Department of Telecommunication in 2020
Aviation Market Expansion and Infrastructure Development
Focus: Items tracking the physical and economic growth of India's aviation sector, including new airline approvals, the UDAN regional connectivity scheme, airport infrastructure, and passenger statistics.
UPSC Value: Useful for analyzing the government's policy push towards regional connectivity (UDAN) and the infrastructure pipeline supporting the 'Viksit Bharat' aviation goals.
7 news items in this theme:
- 2026-02-21 [Polity & Governance] — India Expands DigiYatra to More Airports
India's Civil Aviation Ministry has expanded the DigiYatra facial-recognition boarding system to Surat, Sri Vijayawada, Mangaluru, Thiruvananthapuram, Navi Mumbai and Nagpur airports. This contactless platform, which links Aadhaar-verified facial biometrics to flight details, has already processed over 16 million domestic passengers at seven airports, cutting average terminal dwell time by 25 percent.More details
UPSC Angle: DigiYatra expanded to Surat, Vijayawada, Mangaluru, Thiruvananthapuram, Navi Mumbai, Nagpur.
Key Facts:
- DigiYatra activated at Surat, Sri Vijayawada, Mangaluru, Thiruvananthapuram, Navi Mumbai and Nagpur airports on 21 February 2026.
- The platform has already processed more than 16 million domestic passengers.
- It has cut average terminal dwell time by 25 percent.
- 2026-01-22 [Economy] — Ministry of Civil Aviation data until January 2, 2026
The Ministry of Civil Aviation reported that up to January 2, 2026, India had 93 airports (including 15 heliports & 02 water aerodromes), 657 routes, 10 operators, 3.34 Lakhs flights and 159 Lakhs passengers.More details
UPSC Angle: Ministry of Civil Aviation data until January 2, 2026.
Key Facts:
- Airports: 93 (Including 15 heliports & 02 water aerodromes).
- Routes: 657.
- Operators: 10.
- Flights: 3.34 Lakhs.
- Passengers: 159 Lakhs.
- Viability Gap Funding: INR 4472.29 Crores.
- 2026-01-02 [Economy] — New Airlines Receive Regulatory Approval
The Ministry of Civil Aviation has granted NOCs to three new airlines, which are proposed as low-cost and regional airlines. The airlines are in the process of securing the Air Operator Certificate (AOC) from the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) to commence commercial operations, expected to begin in 2026. This move is aimed at reducing the market concentration where IndiGo and Air India control over 90% of traffic.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- Ministry: Ministry of Civil Aviation
- Airlines: Three new airlines
- Type: Low-cost and regional
- Expected Operations: 2026
- Objective: Reduce market concentration
- 2025-11-19 [Schemes & Programs] — Modified UDAN Scheme with ₹30,000 crore Outlay
The government has proposed a â‚ą30,000 crore outlay for the modified UDAN regional air connectivity scheme, to extend it beyond April 2027. The UDAN scheme was launched in October 2016 under the National Civil Aviation Policy with a 10-year tenure. The first UDAN flight was launched in April 2017 between Shimla and Delhi.More details
UPSC Angle: â‚ą30,000 crore outlay proposed for modified UDAN scheme beyond April 2027.
Key Facts:
- â‚ą30,000 crore outlay proposed for the modified UDAN scheme
- Scheme to be extended beyond April 2027
- Launched in October 2016 under the National Civil Aviation Policy with a 10-year tenure
- First UDAN flight was launched in April 2017 between Shimla and Delhi
- 2025-10-09 [Economy] — Navi Mumbai International Airport Inaugurated
Prime Minister of India inaugurated the Navi Mumbai International Airport (NMIA), India's largest greenfield airport project, built at a cost of ₹19,650 crore. The Navi Mumbai International Airport is a state-of-the-art greenfield airport developed under a Public–Private Partnership (PPP) between Adani Airports Holdings Ltd (74%) and CIDCO (26%). It is envisioned as India's first fully digital, 5G-enabled, and eco-sustainable airport, designed to complement the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport (CSMIA).More details
UPSC Angle: Navi Mumbai International Airport inaugurated, India's largest greenfield airport.
Key Facts:
- Navi Mumbai International Airport (NMIA) inaugurated
- Cost: â‚ą19,650 crore
- Developed under Public–Private Partnership (PPP)
- Partners: Adani Airports Holdings Ltd (74%) and CIDCO (26%)
- India's first fully digital, 5G-enabled, and eco-sustainable airport
- Set to begin commercial operations by December 2025
- 2025-06-03 [Economy] — India's Civil Aviation Achievements
India's aviation sector is the third largest domestic market globally, poised for further growth with increasing passenger traffic and expansion of airport infrastructure. The UDAN scheme promotes regional air connectivity using smaller aircraft and helicopters.More details
UPSC Angle: India's civil aviation is the third largest domestic market.
Key Facts:
- India's aviation sector is valued at 12.5 lakh crore rupees and is expected to reach 24.9 lakh crore rupees by 2030.
- India has 154 AMRO (Aircraft Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul) units and is targeting to reach $4 billion by 2030.
- India is the third largest domestic aviation market globally
- Over 240 million passengers annually, expected to reach 500 million by 2030
- UDAN scheme promotes regional air connectivity
- Targeting 220+ airports by 2030
- 15% of pilots are women
- 2025-04-23 [Economy] — India's Aviation Revolution
India's aviation sector is experiencing rapid growth, with a record of 22.81 crore domestic passengers in 2024 and 64.5 million international passengers (Jan–Nov 2024), making it the 3rd-largest aviation market globally. Over ₹91,000 crore has been allocated for aviation under the National Infrastructure Pipeline (NIP), with ₹82,600 crore already spent as of November 2024. The sector is being positioned as a driver of economic integration, job creation, and global competitiveness, aiming for Viksit Bharat @2047.More details
UPSC Angle: India is the 3rd-largest aviation market.
Key Facts:
- Scheduled air transport
- Non-scheduled services
- Air cargo
- Infrastructure expansion
- Regional connectivity enhancement
- Record of 22.81 crore domestic passengers in 2024.
- 64.5 million international passengers (Jan–Nov 2024).
- India is now the 3rd-largest aviation market with 350+ million passengers annually.
- Over â‚ą91,000 crore has been allocated for aviation under the National Infrastructure Pipeline (NIP).
- â‚ą82,600 crore has already been spent on various aviation projects and initiatives (as of November 2024).
Expansion of Airport Infrastructure and Connectivity
Focus: Government initiatives focused on constructing new terminals, extending runways, and approving new airport projects to boost aviation capacity.
UPSC Value: Useful for tracking the physical expansion of India's civil aviation network and the policy shifts enabling regional connectivity.
6 news items in this theme:
- 2026-02-14 [Infrastructure] — PM Modi Inaugurates Bridge and Infrastructure in Assam
Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the six-lane Kumar Bhaskar Varma Setu on the Brahmaputra River in Assam, connecting Guwahati with North Guwahati. The â‚ą3,030-crore bridge is the first extradosed Prestressed Concrete (PSC) bridge in the Northeast.More details
UPSC Angle: PM Modi inaugurated Kumar Bhaskar Varma Setu on Brahmaputra River.
Key Facts:
- Narendra Modi
- Kumar Bhaskar Varma Setu
- Brahmaputra River
- Assam
- Guwahati
- North Guwahati
- â‚ą3,030-crore
- extradosed Prestressed Concrete (PSC) bridge
- 2026-01-05 [Polity & Governance] — Center to Allow Multiple Airports in Major Cities
The Union Civil Aviation Minister announced that the government will permit multiple airports in major cities to accommodate increased passenger traffic. This decision marks a shift from the earlier policy that discouraged multiple airports within a 150 km radius, due to concerns about revenue dilution and financial viability. The government is also focusing on developing more international airports, including the Bhogapuram International Airport.More details
UPSC Angle: Govt to allow multiple airports in major cities.
Key Facts:
- The Union Government will allow two or more airports in major cities.
- The earlier policy discouraged multiple airports within a 150 km radius.
- The government is developing more international airports, including the Bhogapuram International Airport.
- 2025-09-16 [Polity & Governance] — PM Modi Launches Development Projects in Bihar
Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the interim terminal building at the New Civil Enclave of Purnea Airport in Bihar and launched multiple development projects worth around ₹36,000 crore. Key initiatives include a thermal power plant in Pirpainti, the Kosi‑Mechi Intra‑State River Link Project, and the National Makhana Board.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- Narendra Modi
- Purnea Airport
- â‚ą36,000 crore
- thermal power plant
- Kosi‑Mechi Intra‑State River Link Project
- National Makhana Board
- 2025-07-26 [Economy] — PM to Inaugurate Thoothukudi Airport Extension
PM Modi will inaugurate the newly extended runway and terminal building at Thoothukudi airport. Thoothukudi, also known as Tuticorin, is a significant port and industrial city in Tamil Nadu. It is known as the “Pearl City” due to its historical pearl fishing activities and is referred to as the “Sea Gateway of Tamil Nadu”.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- PM Modi to inaugurate the newly extended runway and terminal building at Thoothukudi airport
- Thoothukudi also known as Tuticorin
- Located on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal
- Known as the “Pearl City”
- Officially renamed V.O. Chidambaranar Port Trust in 2011
- 2025-06-07 [Environment & Ecology] — Environment ministry expert panel recommends green nod for Puri airport
The Environment Ministry's expert panel has recommended granting environmental clearance for the Puri airport project. This recommendation indicates progress in the development of the airport, pending final approvals and adherence to environmental safeguards.More details
UPSC Angle: Environment ministry panel recommends green nod for Puri airport.
Key Facts:
- Environment ministry expert panel recommends green nod for Puri airport.
- 2025-06-04 [Schemes & Programs] — PM Modi Inaugurates Projects in Multiple States
PM Narendra Modi virtually addressed the 'Sikkim@50' celebrations. He laid the foundation stone for the City Gas Distribution (CGD) project in Alipurduar and Cooch Behar districts of WB, with an investment of over Rs 1,010 crore. He inaugurated the new terminal building at Jay Prakash Narayan International Airport in Patna, Bihar.More details
UPSC Angle: PM inaugurates projects; focus on specific project details if significant.
Key Facts:
- CGD project investment: Over Rs 1,010 crore in Alipurduar
- New terminal building at Jay Prakash Narayan International Airport in Patna
Disaster Management Framework and Safety Deficits
Focus: Items detailing the administrative framework for disaster management alongside reports of safety deficiencies across aviation, mining, and eco-sensitive infrastructure.
UPSC Value: Useful for analyzing the effectiveness of India's disaster management ecosystem and safety compliance mechanisms across different sectors (GS-3).
6 news items in this theme:
- 2026-01-29 [Polity & Governance] — Parliamentary Panel Flags Gaps in Civil Aviation Safety
A Parliamentary Standing Committee flagged serious weaknesses in India's civil aviation safety ecosystem, months before the recent plane crash in Baramati, Maharashtra. The multi-layered system is led by the Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA) and implemented through bodies like the DGCA, AAIB, and BCAS.More details
UPSC Angle: Parliamentary panel flags weaknesses in India's civil aviation safety ecosystem.
Key Facts:
- Parliamentary panel flagged weaknesses in civil aviation safety
- Led by Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA)
- Implemented through DGCA, AAIB, and BCAS
- 2025-12-09 [Polity & Governance] — Gaps in India's Disaster Management System Addressed
The Indian government framed the National Policy on Disaster Management (NPDM) in 2009 to create a disaster-resilient India through prevention, mitigation, preparedness, and response strategies. The Disaster Management Act, 2005 was amended in March 2025 to strengthen the legal and institutional framework. The National Disaster Management Plan (NDMP) was launched in June 2016 and revised in 2019 to define roles and responsibilities for disaster risk reduction.More details
UPSC Angle: National Policy on Disaster Management (NPDM) framed in 2009.
Key Facts:
- National Policy on Disaster Management (NPDM) framed in 2009
- Disaster Management Act, 2005 amended in March 2025
- National Disaster Management Plan (NDMP) launched in June 2016, revised in 2019
- 2025-11-19 [Economy] — Mining Sector Challenges in India
India's mining sector faces structural challenges, including safety and regulation gaps, as highlighted by a quarry collapse in Obra, Sonbhadra. The region, despite being rich in mineral resources, lags in human development indicators due to weak oversight and untrained workers.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- Quarry collapse in Obra exposes gaps in safety, regulation, and scientific mining practices.
- Sonbhadra is a mineral-rich region in Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Bihar, Jharkhand, and Madhya Pradesh.
- Need for locally stationed disaster teams.
- 2025-10-04 [Polity & Governance] — National Conference on Land Administration and Disaster Management
The Department of Land Resources, Ministry of Rural Development, in collaboration with the Revenue Department of the Government of Gujarat, is organizing a two-day National Conference on "Land Administration & Disaster Management" on October 3rd and 4th, 2025, at the Mahatma Mandir Convention Centre in Gandhinagar, Gujarat. The conference aims to gather officials and experts nationwide to exchange ideas on enhancing land administration and disaster management effectiveness.More details
UPSC Angle: National Conference on Land Administration and Disaster Management held.
Key Facts:
- Conference dates: October 3rd and 4th, 2025
- Location: Mahatma Mandir Convention Centre in Gandhinagar, Gujarat
- Organizers: Department of Land Resources, Ministry of Rural Development, and the Revenue Department of the Government of Gujarat
- Chief Guest: Shri Bhupendra Patel, Chief Minister of Gujarat
- Keynote Address: Shri Bhupendra Patel
- Welcome Address: Dr. Jayanti S. Ravi, Additional Chief Secretary of the Revenue Department, Government of Gujarat
- Other notable speakers: Shri Manoj Joshi, Secretary of the Department of Land Resources, and Shri Pankaj Joshi, Chief Secretary of the Government of Gujarat
- Key highlights: Seven panel discussions, Action Seminar, inauguration of new Revenue offices and residential buildings, launch of the RO Diary Mobile Application, inauguration of the Integrated Land Administration (ILA) system, distribution of SVAMITVA cards and safety kits, signing of Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs) with academic institutions
- 2025-08-29 [Environment & Ecology] — Approval of Bypass Project in Bhagirathi ESZ
The Uttarakhand government has given in-principle approval to the Nala bypass project in the fragile Bhagirathi eco-sensitive zone, despite previous rejection by a Supreme Court-appointed committee. Concerns persist regarding the project's environmental impact, with experts indicating slope instability and subsidence.More details
UPSC Angle: Approval of bypass project in Bhagirathi ESZ.
Key Facts:
- Project: Nala bypass
- Location: Bhagirathi eco-sensitive zone
- Approval: In-principle approval by Uttarakhand government
- Previous rejection by a Supreme Court-appointed committee
- Concerns regarding slope instability and subsidence
- 2025-07-30 [Geography] — HYDRAA Acts Against Encroachments on Musi River Bed
The Hyderabad Disaster Response and Asset Protection Agency (HYDRAA) has initiated action against illegal encroachments into the Musi river bed. The Musi River is a major tributary of the Krishna River, originating in the Ananthagiri Hills in the Vikarabad region of Rangareddy district, Telangana.More details
UPSC Angle: HYDRAA acts against encroachments on Musi river bed.
Key Facts:
- HYDRAA is acting against encroachments on Musi river bed
- Musi River is a tributary of the Krishna River
- Originates in Ananthagiri Hills, Vikarabad region, Telangana
DGCA Regulatory Oversight and Safety Compliance
Focus: Items detailing the Directorate General of Civil Aviation's (DGCA) interventions, safety audits, staffing challenges, and enforcement actions regarding airline operations.
UPSC Value: Examines the role of the statutory regulator in maintaining safety standards and consumer rights amidst a rapidly expanding aviation market.
6 news items in this theme:
- 2025-12-09 [Polity & Governance] — IndiGo Crisis: Compulsory Resource Mapping & DGCA Overhaul
The recent operational meltdown at IndiGo has exposed structural vulnerabilities in India's civil aviation ecosystem, calling for compulsory resource mapping and a comprehensive overhaul of the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA). Every airline in India submits manpower data annually under DGCA regulations, but these filings are neither standardized nor publicly audited.More details
UPSC Angle: IndiGo crisis calls for resource mapping and DGCA overhaul.
Key Facts:
- Airlines in India submit manpower data annually under DGCA regulations
- Filings are neither standardized nor publicly audited
- 2025-12-06 [Polity & Governance] — DGCA Granted One-Time Exemption from FDTL Rules
A large-scale cancellation of flights by a major Indian airline recently led the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) to grant a one-time exemption from the newly implemented Flight Duty Time Limitations (FDTL) rules. These rules are designed to prevent pilot fatigue by restricting maximum duty hours and mandating adequate rest periods. DGCA is India's statutory civil aviation regulator mandated to ensure aviation safety, airworthiness, and compliance with global aviation standards.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- DGCA: India's statutory civil aviation regulator
- FDTL Rules: Designed to prevent pilot fatigue by restricting duty hours and mandating rest periods
- Year DGCA became a statutory body: 2020 (after amendments to the Aircraft Act)
- Administrative Control: Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA)
- Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) granted a one-time exemption from the newly implemented Flight Duty Time Limitations (FDTL) rules
- FDTL rules are designed to prevent pilot fatigue by restricting maximum duty hours and mandating adequate rest periods
- DGCA is India's statutory civil aviation regulator mandated to ensure aviation safety, airworthiness, and compliance with global aviation standards
- DGCA was created in 1927
- 2025-11-05 [Polity & Governance] — Revised airfare refund norms proposed by DGCA
The Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) has proposed revised airfare refund norms requiring airlines to issue a full refund or credit note if a flight is cancelled.More details
UPSC Angle: DGCA proposes revised airfare refund norms.
Key Facts:
- DGCA: Proposed the revised airfare refund norms
- 2025-08-22 [Polity & Governance] — Parliament Panel Flags Aviation Safety Gaps
A Parliamentary Standing Committee has recommended granting full financial and administrative autonomy to the aviation safety regulator, the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA). The committee noted that the current dependence on the Ministry hampers independent decision-making and that there are severe staff shortages, with only 553 out of 1,063 sanctioned posts filled. The panel suggests that without autonomy, the DGCA risks being a weak compliance-monitoring body in a fast-expanding market.More details
UPSC Angle: Parliament panel flags aviation safety gaps, recommends DGCA autonomy.
Key Facts:
- Only 553 out of 1,063 sanctioned posts are currently filled at the DGCA.
- 2025-06-21 [Polity & Governance] — DGCA asks Air India to remove officials over crew rostering
The Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) has directed Air India to remove three officials from their roles related to crew rostering. This action was among the top news items reported on June 21, 2025.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- DGCA: Directed Air India to remove officials
- Reason: Crew rostering issues
- Number of officials: Three
- 2025-06-19 [Economy] — DGCA Finds No Major Safety Issues with Air India's Boeing 787s After Flight Cancellations
Following persistent delays and cancellations of Air India international flights, the DGCA held a high-level meeting with Air India and Air India Express officials and the DGCA stated that enhanced inspections on Air India's Boeing 787 aircraft did not reveal any major safety concerns, confirming compliance with existing aviation safety standards. 16 Air India flights were cancelled on Tuesday, 13 of which were scheduled to be operated using Boeing 787 aircraft, citing aircraft unavailability and technical issues.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- DGCA held a high-level meeting with Air India and Air India Express officials.
- DGCA stated that enhanced inspections on Air India's Boeing 787 aircraft did not reveal any major safety concerns.
- 16 Air India flights were cancelled on Tuesday, 13 of which were scheduled to be operated using Boeing 787 aircraft.
- Reasons cited for cancellations: aircraft unavailability and technical issues.
Structural Developments in India's Civil Aviation Sector
Focus: Items detailing India's regulatory updates (Cape Town Convention), international leadership (ICAO), and domestic market growth.
UPSC Value: Highlights India's efforts to modernize its aviation legal framework and assert influence in global aviation governance.
5 news items in this theme:
- 2025-12-26 [Economy] — India's Domestic Aviation Market and New Entrants
India has emerged as the world's third-largest domestic aviation market. As of December 2025, there are nine scheduled domestic airlines in operation. IndiGo and the Air India Group (Air India and Air India Express) together account for over 90 per cent of the domestic market.More details
UPSC Angle: India is the world's third-largest domestic aviation market.
Key Facts:
- India is the world's third-largest domestic aviation market.
- There are nine scheduled domestic airlines in operation in India.
- IndiGo and the Air India Group account for over 90% of the domestic market.
- Other scheduled carriers include Akasa Air, SpiceJet, Star Air, Fly91, and IndiaOne Air.
- 2025-10-01 [International Relations] — India Re-elected to ICAO Council
India has been re-elected to Part II of the ICAO Council (2025–2028) during the 42nd ICAO Assembly in Montreal. As a founding member of ICAO since 1944, India has maintained an uninterrupted presence on the Council for 81 years. India continues to play a pivotal role in promoting safe, secure, sustainable, and inclusive international civil aviation.More details
UPSC Angle: India re-elected to ICAO Council (2025–2028).
Key Facts:
- India re-elected to Part II of the ICAO Council for 2025–2028.
- The election took place during the 42nd ICAO Assembly in Montreal.
- India has been a founding member of ICAO since 1944.
- India has maintained an uninterrupted presence on the Council for 81 years.
- 2025-09-01 [International Relations] — India Re-Elected to ICAO Council
India was re-elected to the Council of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). The Ministry of Civil Aviation hosted a reception in New Delhi on September 2, 2025, to seek support from member states for India's candidature.More details
UPSC Angle: India re-elected to the Council of the ICAO.
Key Facts:
- India re-elected to ICAO Council
- 2025-04-24 [Economy] — India's Aviation Revolution
Recent developments in India's aviation sector include alignment with global standards set by the Cape Town Convention, 2001, through an aircraft leasing and financing framework. The Bharatiya Vayuyan Adhiniyam 2024, which came into force on January 1, 2025, modernizes the aviation sector by updating the British colonial-era Aircraft Act, 1934. Foundations for new terminals have been laid at key locations such as Varanasi, Agra, Darbhanga, and Bagdogra.More details
UPSC Angle: India aligning with Cape Town Convention, 2001 for aircraft leasing.
Key Facts:
- Alignment with Cape Town Convention, 2001
- Bharatiya Vayuyan Adhiniyam 2024 came into force on January 1, 2025
- New terminals at Varanasi, Agra, Darbhanga, and Bagdogra
- 2025-03-06 [International Relations] — India looking to deepen global aviation partnerships at Wings India 2026
India aims to strengthen its global aviation partnerships during the Wings India 2026 event, according to Civil Aviation Minister Rammohan Naidu.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- Wings India 2026
- Civil Aviation Minister Rammohan Naidu
MoRTH Vehicle Safety and Digital Standards
Focus: Regulatory initiatives by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) establishing safety mandates and digital identities for the automotive sector.
UPSC Value: Highlights the government's proactive regulatory approach to standardizing the rapidly evolving EV ecosystem and enhancing general road safety.
4 news items in this theme:
- 2026-01-06 [Science & Technology] — Battery Pack Aadhaar Number (BPAN) Proposed
The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) proposed the Battery Pack Aadhaar Number (BPAN) as a 21-character unique ID to act as a digital identity for batteries, especially those used in Electric Vehicles (EVs).More details
UPSC Angle: Battery Pack Aadhaar Number (BPAN) proposed.
Key Facts:
- Proposed by: Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH)
- Battery Pack Aadhaar Number (BPAN) as a 21-character unique ID
- Function: digital identity for batteries
- Especially for batteries used in Electric Vehicles (EVs)
- 2025-11-24 [Science & Technology] — Bharat NCAP 2.0 Draft Released
The Ministry of Road Transport & Highways (MoRTH) has released the Bharat NCAP 2.0 draft, expanding India's crash-safety rating system. This revised vehicle safety rating program evaluates the crashworthiness and safety technologies of cars sold in India, updating the 2023 Bharat NCAP guidelines and introducing new crash tests and assessment verticals.More details
UPSC Angle: MoRTH releases Bharat NCAP 2.0 draft, expanding crash-safety rating.
Key Facts:
- Bharat NCAP 2.0 draft released by MoRTH
- Updates 2023 Bharat NCAP guidelines
- Introduces new crash tests and assessment verticals
- Five Assessment Verticals: Safe Driving, Accident Avoidance, Crash Protection, Vulnerable Road User Protection, Post-Crash Safety
- Expanded Crash Tests: Frontal impact, side impact, oblique pole test, full-width frontal test, rear impact test
- Uses advanced test dummies (ATDs) to measure injury levels
- 2025-10-04 [Science & Technology] — India to Mandate AVAS in EVs from 2026
The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) has proposed mandatory Acoustic Vehicle Alerting Systems (AVAS) in electric vehicles to curb road accidents. All new EV models manufactured after October 1, 2026, must be fitted with AVAS, while existing models must comply by October 1, 2027. AVAS will generate artificial sound when EVs move at 0–20 kmph.More details
UPSC Angle: India to Mandate AVAS in EVs from 2026.
Key Facts:
- New EV models after October 1, 2026, must have AVAS
- Existing EV models must comply by October 1, 2027
- AVAS generates sound at 0–20 kmph
- 19.5 lakh EVs were sold in 2024, accounting for 7.44% of all vehicles sold that year
- India's EV share has grown from just 0.01% in 2014-15 to 7.31% in 2024-25
- 2025-07-10 [Science & Technology] — India's "Battery Passport" System
India is set to roll out a "Battery Passport" system to give electric vehicle (EV) owners detailed digital information about the batteries in use. The system will digitally record each battery's specifications and embed this data in a QR code.More details
UPSC Angle: India's "Battery Passport" system for detailed EV battery information.
Key Facts:
- The system will digitally record each battery's specifications — including its source, composition, performance, lifecycle, and supply chain.
- Each battery will have a unique ID, similar to an Aadhaar identity.
- The initiative is expected to enhance safety and quality benchmarks and boost India's EV export potential.
Vulnerabilities and Disruptions in Indian Civil Aviation
Focus: Events causing significant operational disruptions, flight cancellations, or passenger stranding for Indian aviation due to external environmental, technical, or geopolitical factors.
UPSC Value: Analyzing the multi-dimensional risks (geopolitical instability, climate/weather, and digital infrastructure) to national connectivity and transportation security.
4 news items in this theme:
- 2025-12-20 [Geography] — Delhi Airport Flight Cancellations Due to Fog
Due to dense fog, at least 129 flights were cancelled at Delhi airport. 66 arrival flights and 63 departure flights were cancelled.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- 129 flights cancelled at Delhi Airport
- 66 arrivals cancelled
- 63 departures cancelled
- 2025-10-22 [Science & Technology] — AWS Outage Impact on India
An AWS outage particularly affected the aviation industry in India, grounding operations as airlines' digital systems failed, forcing a temporary return to manual processing. According to the Reserve Bank of India, at least ten banks and NBFCs experienced minor service disruptions, most of which were quickly resolved.More details
UPSC Angle: AWS Outage Impact on India.
Key Facts:
- AWS outage affected aviation industry in India
- Airlines' digital systems failed, forcing a temporary return to manual processing
- RBI reported minor service disruptions for at least ten banks and NBFCs
- 2025-09-10 [International Relations] — Indian travelers stranded as Kathmandu airport shuts down
Nearly 700 Indian passengers were left stranded after the Tribhuvan International Airport in Kathmandu shut down for flights due to safety concerns following mounting protests across Nepal. Four of the six flights scheduled to bring back passengers from Kathmandu were cancelled after the airport was closed around 1 p.m. on Tuesday.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- 700
- Tribhuvan International Airport
- Kathmandu
- Nepal
- Tuesday
- 1 p.m.
- 2025-04-26 [Geography] — Flights at Delhi Airport Impacted by Wind Change
Flight operations at Delhi's Indira Gandhi International (IGI) Airport are expected to be affected from April 26 to May 4, 2025, due to a change in wind direction to easterlies.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- Airport: Indira Gandhi International (IGI) Airport
- Dates of expected impact: April 26 to May 4, 2025
- Reason: Change in wind direction to easterlies
- Operator: Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL)
Aviation Safety and Technical Grounding Protocols
Focus: Items detailing the grounding of aircraft fleets due to crashes or technical defects and the subsequent maintenance or safety-clearance processes required for them to resume operations.
UPSC Value: Highlights the critical role of Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul (MRO) and safety audits in ensuring the operational readiness of both military and civilian aviation assets.
4 news items in this theme:
- 2025-12-11 [Defense & Security] — Key part to be fixed before Dhruvs with Navy & Coast Guard fly again
A key part is to be fixed before Dhruvs with Navy & Coast Guard fly again.More details
UPSC Angle: Key part to be fixed before Dhruvs with Navy & Coast Guard fly.
Key Facts:
- Dhruvs
- Navy
- Coast Guard
- 2025-07-06 [Defense & Security] — UK Royal Air Force Team Arrives in Kerala to Repair Grounded F-35B
A Royal Air Force team of engineers from the U.K. arrived at Thiruvananthapuram International Airport to repair a grounded F-35B fighter jet. The aircraft had been grounded since June 14 due to technical issues that forced an emergency landing. The team includes engineers from the U.K. and the U.S., where manufacturer Lockheed Martin is based.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- Royal Air Force
- Thiruvananthapuram International Airport
- F-35B
- Grounded since June 14
- Technical glitches
- Emergency landing
- 17 engineers
- U.K.
- U.S.
- Lockheed Martin
- 2025-06-17 [Geography] — Uttarakhand government to resume helicopter services from June 17 after chopper crash
The Uttarakhand government will resume helicopter services from June 17, following a recent helicopter crash. This decision balances the need for transportation in the hilly region with safety concerns.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- Uttarakhand government to resume helicopter services from June 17
- 2025-04-24 [Defense & Security] — Dhruv ALH Helicopters Resume Flying in J&K
India's indigenous Dhruv ALH helicopters resumed flying in Anantnag, Jammu & Kashmir, after being grounded in January 2025 due to a fatal crash. The Dhruv ALH is a twin-engine, multi-role utility helicopter developed for both military and civilian use.More details
UPSC Angle: Dhruv ALH helicopters resume flying in J&K.
Key Facts:
- Dhruv ALH helicopters resumed flying in Anantnag, Jammu & Kashmir
- Grounded in January 2025 due to a fatal crash
- Twin-engine, multi-role utility helicopter
- Developed for military and civilian use
Escalating Civil Aviation Security and Navigation Threats in India
Focus: A series of incidents and policy responses concerning technical navigation interference (GPS spoofing) and heightened security protocols at Indian airports, particularly in sensitive border regions and major transit hubs.
UPSC Value: Analyzes the evolution of internal security threats to critical infrastructure, highlighting the shift from traditional physical security to electronic and hybrid warfare challenges in the aviation sector.
4 news items in this theme:
- 2025-12-02 [Science & Technology] — GPS Spoofing Incidents at Indian Airports
Major airports in Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Hyderabad, and Chennai reported GPS spoofing and GNSS interference affecting aircraft navigation. The Ministry of Civil Aviation has requested the Wireless Monitoring Organisation to investigate. This poses a threat to aviation safety and internal security.More details
UPSC Angle: GPS spoofing incidents at Indian airports affect aircraft navigation systems.
Key Facts:
- GPS spoofing
- GNSS interference
- Delhi
- Kolkata
- Mumbai
- Hyderabad
- Chennai
- Ministry of Civil Aviation
- Wireless Monitoring Organisation
- 2025-11-16 [Defense & Security] — India's Exposure to GPS Spoofing
Government data indicates 465 GPS interference and spoofing incidents in India's border areas, mainly Amritsar and Jammu, between November 2023 and February 2025, averaging roughly one event per day. Delhi has also seen several spoofing events despite being far from conflict zones. Spoofed signals create false alerts, wrong positions, and confusion in the cockpit, increasing pilot workload and error risk significantly.More details
UPSC Angle: 465 GPS interference and spoofing incidents in India's border areas.
Key Facts:
- 465 GPS interference and spoofing incidents occurred in India’s border areas between November 2023 and February 2025.
- Spoofing incidents mainly occurred in Amritsar and Jammu.
- Pilots over Delhi are getting erroneous navigation data
- Incidents of GNSS spoofing have soared globally since late 2023
- Delhi is one of the top 10 global hotspots
- 2025-05-13 [Defense & Security] — Air India Cancels Flights Due to Security Concerns
Air India announced the cancellation of round-trip flights to and from eight cities—Jammu, Leh, Jodhpur, Amritsar, Bhuj, Jamnagar, Chandigarh, and Rajkot—due to security concerns. This decision was made in light of recent developments and to ensure passenger safety.More details
UPSC Angle: Air India cancels flights due to security concerns.
Key Facts:
- Air India
- Jammu
- Leh
- Jodhpur
- Amritsar
- Bhuj
- Jamnagar
- Chandigarh
- Rajkot
- 2025-05-08 [Defense & Security] — India Tightens Security: Airport Security Increased, OTT Platforms Advised to Discontinue Pakistan Content
In the wake of escalating tensions, security was heightened at all Indian airports with additional pre-boarding checks. The government also advised OTT platforms to discontinue streaming Pakistan-origin content, including web series, films, and podcasts.More details
UPSC Angle: India tightens security: airport security increased.
Key Facts:
- Increased airport security measures implemented
- OTT platforms advised to discontinue Pakistan-origin content
Indian Civil Aviation Safety and Regulatory Standards
Focus: Developments and incidents specifically concerning safety audits, accident investigation protocols, and post-incident evaluations in Indian aviation.
UPSC Value: Understanding the institutional and regulatory frameworks ensuring safety and compliance in India's rapidly expanding civil aviation sector.
3 news items in this theme:
- 2026-01-17 [Economy] — Akasa Air joins IATA
Akasa Air has become the fifth airline in India to join IATA, after successfully completing the IATA Operational Safety Audit.More details
UPSC Angle: Akasa Air joins IATA after completing safety audit.
Key Facts:
- Akasa Air joined IATA
- 2025-10-28 [International Relations] — India to Host Asia Pacific Accident Investigation Group (APAC-AIG) Meeting
India will host the Asia Pacific Accident Investigation Group (APAC-AIG) meeting and workshop for the first time from 28 to 31 October 2025. The event will be organized by the Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB) under the Ministry of Civil Aviation and will bring together around 90 representatives from International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) member states in the Asia Pacific region.More details
UPSC Angle: India to host Asia Pacific Accident Investigation Group (APAC-AIG) meeting.
Key Facts:
- India is hosting the Asia Pacific Accident Investigation Group (APAC-AIG) meeting and workshop.
- The meeting is from October 28-31, 2025.
- The Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB) is organizing the event.
- The event includes a technical workshop and a formal APAC-AIG meeting.
- India will host the Asia Pacific Accident Investigation Group (APAC-AIG) meeting and workshop from 28 to 31 October 2025.
- The Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB) under the Ministry of Civil Aviation will organize the event.
- Around 90 representatives from International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) member states in the Asia Pacific region will participate.
- 2025-07-13 [International Relations] — AI-171 Incident
The Indian Commercial Pilots' Association (ICPA) stated that the crew of the AI-171 flight, which crashed last month, acted responsibly and according to their training under difficult circumstances.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- Indian Commercial Pilots' Association (ICPA)
- AI-171
Road Safety Challenges and Infrastructure Deficiencies
Focus: Incidents and reports highlighting the high fatality rate, infrastructure failures, and safety gaps on Indian highways.
UPSC Value: Examines the systemic issues in road engineering and safety enforcement contributing to India's high accident mortality rate.
3 news items in this theme:
- 2026-01-16 [Polity & Governance] — Road Accident Fatalities in India
A joint report by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) and the NGO SaveLIFE Foundation identified India's deadliest districts for road accidents, revealing that most fatalities are linked to infrastructure and systemic failures. The report indicates that 59% of road accident fatalities occurred without any traffic violation, pointing to road engineering deficiencies as a primary cause of deaths.More details
UPSC Angle: Report identifies India's deadliest districts for road accidents.
Key Facts:
- India records the highest number of road accident deaths globally
- Nearly 3.5 lakh people died in road accidents during 2023-24
- 59% of road accident fatalities occurred without any traffic violation
- 53% of deaths occurred between 6 PM and midnight
- Rear-end, head-on, and pedestrian crashes accounted for 72% of fatalities
- Speeding contributed to only 19% of deaths
- Nashik Rural and Pune Rural recorded the highest number of severe accidents
- 2025-12-19 [Disaster Management] — Yamuna Expressway Accident: Death Toll Rises
A pile-up on the Yamuna Expressway in Mathura resulted in 19 fatalities due to a lethal 'Safety Gap'. The investigation highlighted the absence of real-time visibility sensors and failure to halt traffic despite zero-visibility reports. A 'Severe Cold Day' warning is in effect for Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh, with a spike in respiratory cases.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- Death toll from Mathura pile-up: 19
- Lethal “Safety Gap”—the lack of real-time visibility sensors at Milestone 127
- Failure of transport authorities to halt traffic at toll plazas despite zero-visibility reports at 4:00 AM
- A “Severe Cold Day” warning remains in place for Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh
- 40% spike in respiratory cases in local rural clinics in the Terai region
- 2025-05-04 [Defense & Security] — Army vehicle accident in Ramban, J&K claims soldiers' lives
Three Army personnel died after their vehicle fell into a 700-feet deep gorge in Jammu and Kashmir's Ramban district. The accident occurred on National Highway 44 as the vehicle was part of a convoy moving from Jammu to Srinagar.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- 700-feet deep gorge
- National Highway 44
NHAI Technology-Driven Safety Initiatives
Focus: The implementation of digital and telecom-based technologies (QR codes, AI-based alerts) by the NHAI to enhance highway safety and information access.
UPSC Value: Highlights the integration of technology (Digital India) into infrastructure management and disaster/accident prevention.
3 news items in this theme:
- 2026-01-15 [Schemes & Programs] — Real-Time Stray Cattle Safety Alert System on National Highways
The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) launched a pilot real-time stray cattle safety alert system on January 14, 2026, during Road Safety Month 2026. This system aims to reduce accidents caused by sudden cattle movement, especially during fog and low-visibility conditions, implemented in collaboration with telecom service providers, including Reliance Jio.More details
UPSC Angle: NHAI launches real-time stray cattle safety alert system.
Key Facts:
- NHAI launched a pilot real-time stray cattle safety alert system on January 14, 2026.
- Launched during Road Safety Month 2026.
- Aims to reduce accidents caused by sudden cattle movement.
- Implemented in collaboration with telecom service providers, including Reliance Jio.
- 2025-12-02 [Economy] — NHAI-Reliance Jio MoU for Highway Safety Alert System
On December 2, 2025, the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) and Reliance Jio signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for a Highway Safety Alert System. No further details were available.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- NHAI
- Reliance Jio
- Highway Safety Alert System
- December 2, 2025
- 2025-10-04 [Infrastructure] — NHAI to Install QR Code Sign Boards on Highways
The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) has announced plans to install QR code-enabled Project Information Sign Boards across highways to give commuters instant access to highway-related details. These boards will be installed at toll plazas, rest areas, truck lay-byes, start/end points, and wayside amenities.More details
UPSC Angle: NHAI to Install QR Code Sign Boards on Highways.
Key Facts:
- QR codes will be installed at toll plazas, rest areas, truck lay-byes, start/end points, and wayside amenities
- QR code-enabled Project Information Sign Boards on highways
- Installation at toll plazas, rest areas, truck lay-byes, start/end points, and wayside amenities
- Digital information boards with embedded QR codes
Dam Safety and Sectoral Challenges
Focus: Items focusing on the regulation of dams under the Dam Safety Act and challenges related to major dam projects.
UPSC Value: Important for understanding the specific regulatory framework (NDSA) for water infrastructure and associated social/environmental issues (GS-3).
3 news items in this theme:
- 2026-01-13 [Polity & Governance] — National Dam Safety Authority Issues Notice for Bargi Dam
The National Dam Safety Authority (NDSA) has issued a show-cause notice to the Narmada Valley Development Authority (NVDA) over serious safety lapses at the Bargi Dam in Madhya Pradesh. The NDSA is a statutory body set up by the Central Government under the Dam Safety Act, 2021.More details
UPSC Angle: NDSA issues notice for Bargi Dam safety lapses.
Key Facts:
- NDSA issued show-cause notice to NVDA
- Notice related to safety lapses at Bargi Dam in Madhya Pradesh
- NDSA established under Dam Safety Act, 2021
- 2025-10-04 [Polity & Governance] — National Dam Safety Authority Recommendations for Kaleshwaram Project
The government has decided to repair the barrages of the Kaleshwaram project based on the suggestions of the National Dam Safety Authority (NDSA). The National Dam Safety Authority (NDSA) is a statutory body set up by the Central Government under the Dam Safety Act, 2021, with its headquarters in New Delhi.More details
UPSC Angle: National Dam Safety Authority Recommendations for Kaleshwaram Project.
Key Facts:
- National Dam Safety Authority (NDSA) is a statutory body set up by the Central Government under the Dam Safety Act, 2021
- NDSA headquarters at New Delhi
- Government to repair Kaleshwaram project barrages based on NDSA suggestions
- NDSA established under the Dam Safety Act, 2021
- NDSA headquarters in New Delhi
- 2025-05-25 [Environment & Ecology] — Protests Against Siang Dam in Arunachal Pradesh
Indigenous communities in Arunachal Pradesh held protests against the proposed 11,000 MW Siang Upper Multipurpose Project, citing concerns about displacement and environmental impact. Villagers organized sit-ins and road blockades, intensifying resistance after armed forces were deployed to facilitate survey work.More details
UPSC Angle: Protests against Siang Dam in Arunachal Pradesh.
Key Facts:
- Protests in Arunachal Pradesh against the Siang dam due to concerns about displacement and environmental impact
- Arunachal Pradesh
- Siang Upper Multipurpose Project
- 11,000 MW
- Siang Indigenous Farmers' Forum
- Forest Rights Act
Institutional and Operational Strengthening of the Airports Authority of India (AAI)
Focus: Administrative and operational measures involving the AAI to enhance technical security, expand regional airport management, and integrate into centralized passenger grievance systems.
UPSC Value: Illustrates the evolving mandate of statutory bodies like the AAI in managing critical infrastructure, ensuring aviation safety, and improving public service delivery.
3 news items in this theme:
- 2025-12-29 [Polity & Governance] — Passenger Assistance Control Room (PACR)
The Ministry of Civil Aviation, Government of India, has launched the Passenger Assistance Control Room (PACR). The aim is to improve the effectiveness of addressing air traveler grievances. The PACR is located at Udaan Bhawan, New Delhi, and functions as an integrated hub.More details
UPSC Angle: Passenger Assistance Control Room (PACR) for air traveler grievances.
Key Facts:
- Launched by: Ministry of Civil Aviation, Government of India
- Objective: Improving the handling of air traveler grievances
- Location: Udaan Bhawan, New Delhi
- Key stakeholders: Officials from the Ministry of Civil Aviation, DGCA, AAI, airline operators
- 2025-11-23 [Infrastructure] — AAI Signs MOU with Uttarakhand for Airport
The Airports Authority of India (AAI) has signed an MOU with the Uttarakhand government for the acquisition and operation of Naini Saini Airport, located in Uttarakhand.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- Airports Authority of India (AAI) signed MOU with Uttarakhand government
- For acquisition and operation of Naini Saini Airport
- Naini Saini Airport located in Uttarakhand
- 2025-11-21 [Defense & Security] — AAI to Get Cyber Security Division
A new cybersecurity division is being established within the Airport Authority of India (AAI) in response to a recent technical glitch in the Delhi Air Traffic Control system.More details
UPSC Angle: AAI establishes cybersecurity division after technical glitch.
Key Facts:
- Airport Authority of India (AAI)
- Cybersecurity division
- Delhi Air Traffic Control system
Transportation Safety and Accidental Fatalities in India
Focus: Specific incidents of mass casualties involving transport infrastructure (road and ropeway) alongside national statistical data on accidental deaths.
UPSC Value: Analyzing specific infrastructure failures against the backdrop of NCRB statistical trends is crucial for understanding disaster management and public safety policy.
3 news items in this theme:
- 2025-12-11 [Disaster Management] — Assam Labourers Killed in Arunachal Pradesh Accident
At least 18 people from Assam's Tinsukia district have died, and three are missing after the truck they were travelling in fell into a gorge in Arunachal Pradesh. The accident occurred on December 8, 2025, on Hayuliang-Chaglagam Road in Anjaw district.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- December 8, 2025
- Hayuliang-Chaglagam Road
- Anjaw district
- 18 deaths
- 3 missing
- Tinsukia district, Assam
- 2025-10-01 [Polity & Governance] — NCRB Report on Road Accidents in 2023
The NCRB's 2023 report on road accidents reveals that a total of 4,64,029 road accidents occurred in the country. These accidents resulted in more than 1.73 lakh fatalities and 4.47 lakh injuries. The highest number of accidents (20.7% of total) were reported between 6 p.m. and 9 p.m.More details
UPSC Angle: NCRB report on road accidents in 2023: fatalities and injuries.
Key Facts:
- A total of 4,64,029 road accidents took place in the country in 2023.
- More than 1.73 lakh people were killed in road accidents across India in 2023.
- 4.47 lakh people were injured in road accidents across the country in 2023.
- The highest number of accidents (20.7% of total) were reported between 6 p.m. and 9 p.m.
- 2025-09-06 [Geography] — Pavagadh Ropeway Accident in Gujarat
On September 6, 2025, a cable snapped on a cargo ropeway in Gujarat's Pavagadh hill, resulting in at least 6 fatalities. An accidental death case was registered, and a technical committee was formed to investigate the accident.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- The accident occurred on September 6, 2025.
- The location was Pavagadh hill, Gujarat.
- At least 6 people were killed.
Expansion of Civil Aviation Infrastructure
Focus: Government initiatives focused on new routes (UDAN), greenfield airport approvals, and regional connectivity.
UPSC Value: Tracks the progress of the UDAN scheme and infrastructure investment in tier-2/3 cities.
3 news items in this theme:
- 2025-10-21 [Schemes & Programs] — 9th UDAN Anniversary Celebrated
The Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA) celebrated the 9th anniversary of the Regional Connectivity Scheme – UDAN (Ude Desh Ka Aam Nagrik) reviewing its achievements and future plans. The scheme, launched on October 21, 2016, has operationalized 649 routes linking 93 unserved/underserved airports, including 15 heliports & 2 water aerodromes, and carried 1.56 crore passengers, promoting regional air connectivity and local tourism.More details
UPSC Angle: 9th anniversary of UDAN scheme celebrated.
Key Facts:
- Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA)
- Regional Connectivity Scheme – UDAN (Ude Desh Ka Aam Nagrik)
- 9th anniversary
- Launched on Oct 21, 2016 (under NCAP 2016)
- First UDAN flight on Apr 27, 2017 (Shimla–Delhi)
- 649 routes operationalised
- 93 unserved/underserved airports linked
- 15 heliports
- 2 water aerodromes
- 1.56 crore passengers carried
- â‚ą4,300 crore disbursed as Viability Gap Funding (VGF)
- â‚ą4,638 crore invested for airport development under RCS
- Comprehensive Seaplane Guidelines (Aug 2024)
- UDAN 5.5 (special bidding round for seaplanes & helicopters)
- LoIs for 150 routes covering 30 water aerodromes
- Expanded UDAN Framework beyond April 2027
- ~120 new destinations planned
- 2025-08-21 [Economy] — Greenfield Airport at Kota-Bundi Approved
The Union Cabinet approved the development of a Greenfield Airport at Kota-Bundi in Rajasthan, marking a significant milestone in strengthening aviation infrastructure and enhancing regional connectivity. The project, with an estimated cost of â‚ą1507 crore, is expected to accelerate economic growth, tourism, and industrial development, while aligning with India's vision of infrastructure-led growth and the government's flagship UDAN scheme.More details
UPSC Angle: Cabinet approved Greenfield Airport at Kota-Bundi to enhance regional connectivity.
Key Facts:
- Greenfield Airport to be developed at Kota-Bundi, Rajasthan.
- Approved by the Union Cabinet.
- Estimated cost: â‚ą1507 crore.
- The Government of Rajasthan has provided 440.06 hectares of land to AAI for the project, which will accommodate A-321 type aircraft.
- Aligns with UDAN scheme.
- Green Field Airport project approved for Kota-Bundi, Rajasthan.
- Estimated cost of â‚ą1507 crore.
- 440.06 hectares of land provided by the Government of Rajasthan.
- Will accommodate A-321 type aircraft.
- 2025-03-04 [Economy] — Civil Aviation Ministry Launches Kolkata-Hindon-Goa Flight
The Civilian Aviation Ministry launched its aircraft BOEING-737 flight from Kolkata- Hindon - Goa on March 1, 2025. The project was inaugurated by Hon'ble Civil Aviation Minister Mr Kinjarapu Rammohan Naidu at Hindon, showcasing civilian-military coordination and aiming to decongest air traffic in NCR.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- Flight Route: Kolkata-Hindon-Goa
- Aircraft: BOEING-737
- Inauguration Date: March 1, 2025
- Inaugurated by: Mr Kinjarapu Rammohan Naidu, Civil Aviation Minister
- Location of Hindon Airport: Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh
Enhancement of Passenger Services and Facilitation
Focus: Measures aimed at improving the efficiency, affordability, and quality of the passenger experience at airports.
UPSC Value: Highlights the shift towards passenger-centric reforms in aviation, covering immigration technology, service quality regulation, and amenities.
3 news items in this theme:
- 2025-09-12 [Polity & Governance] — Fast Track Immigration-Trusted Traveller Programme (FTI-TTP) Launched at More Airports
The Union Home Minister has expanded the Fast Track Immigration-Trusted Traveller Programme (FTI-TTP) to five additional airports: Lucknow, Thiruvananthapuram, Tiruchirappalli, Kozhikode, and Amritsar. This program allows travelers to complete immigration in just 30 seconds using biometric verification at e-Gates, reducing queues and manual checks, aligning with the vision of “speed, scale, and scope”.More details
UPSC Angle: FTI-TTP expanded to Lucknow, Thiruvananthapuram, Tiruchirappalli, Kozhikode, and Amritsar airports.
Key Facts:
- FTI-TTP allows immigration in 30 seconds.
- Uses biometric verification at e-Gates.
- Launched at Lucknow, Thiruvananthapuram, Tiruchirappalli, Kozhikode, and Amritsar airports.
- 2025-09-12 [Polity & Governance] — Airports May Face Fee Cuts for Poor Passenger Services
Airports in India may face user fee reductions if they fail to provide good passenger services, according to a draft proposal focused on passenger experience. AERA plans to hire an outside party to monitor services.More details
UPSC Angle: Airports may face fee cuts for poor passenger services.
Key Facts:
- AERA Chairman: S.K.G. Rahate
- India has more than 30 big airports that handle over 90% of total air traffic.
- AERA plans to hire an outside party to monitor services.
- 2025-04-28 [Schemes & Programs] — UDAN Scheme Innovations: Yatri Cafes and Seaplane Operations
Affordable Yatri Cafes have been launched at Kolkata and Chennai airports, offering quality food at accessible prices. UDAN Round 5.5 has been launched to invite bids from over 50 identified water bodies across the country for seaplane operations.More details
UPSC Angle: UDAN Scheme innovations: Yatri Cafes and Seaplane Operations.
Key Facts:
- UDAN Yatri Cafes launched at Kolkata and Chennai airports
- UDAN Round 5.5 launched for seaplane operations
- Over 50 water bodies identified for seaplane operations
Public Safety Incidents and Natural Calamities
Focus: Incidents involving mass casualties or injuries caused by infrastructure failure, stampedes, or severe weather.
UPSC Value: Relevant for Disaster Management studies, highlighting vulnerabilities in infrastructure and crowd control.
3 news items in this theme:
- 2025-08-16 [Geography] — Delhi Dargah Collapse
Six people died, and five were injured when the wall and roof of a dargah near Humayun's Tomb in Delhi collapsed on August 15, 2025, due to heavy rains. The Dargah Sharif Patte Shah, where the incident occurred, shares boundary walls with the 16th-century Humayun's Tomb.More details
UPSC Angle: Dargah collapse near Humayun's Tomb in Delhi due to rains.
Key Facts:
- August 15, 2025
- Six
- Five
- Dargah Sharif Patte Shah
- Humayun's Tomb
- Nizamuddin
- Bega Begum
- 1558
- 2025-07-27 [Society & Culture] — Haridwar Temple Stampede
At least six people died and two dozen were injured in a stampede at Haridwar's Mansa Devi temple. According to Haridwar SSP Parmendra Singh Dobal, the stampede was triggered by rumours of an electric shock to a devotee. Four of the deceased belonged to Uttar Pradesh.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- Event: Stampede at Haridwar's Mansa Devi temple
- Deaths: 6
- Injured: at least two dozen
- Reason: Rumours of electric shock to a devotee
- Haridwar SSP: Parmendra Singh Dobal
- Victims: Four of the six killed belonged to Uttar Pradesh
- 2025-05-07 [Geography] — Severe Weather in Gujarat
Heavy rain and thunderstorms in several districts of Gujarat, western India, caused at least 14 deaths and injuries to 16 others, with damage to seven houses. An orange alert was issued for the affected areas, forecasting continued heavy rain, thunderstorms, and lightning over the next 48 hours.More details
UPSC Angle: Not exam-relevant
Key Facts:
- At least 14 deaths
- 16 people injured
- 7 houses damaged
- Affected districts include Kheda, Dahod, Vadodara, Ahmedabad, and Aravalli
- Orange alerts issued for heavy rainfall, thunderstorms, and lightning
- Forecast of heavy rain and thunderstorms over the next 48 hours
Explore More Current Affairs
Browse all current affairs themes and story arcs on our blog