Who among the following have the right to vote in the elections to both Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha ?

Lok Sabha members are chosen by direct popular vote under universal adult suffrage, so ordinary voters (including elected state legislators as citizens) vote in Lok Sabha elections [1]. Rajya Sabha members, however, are elected indirectly: the representatives of the States in the Rajya Sabha are chosen by the elected members of the State Legislative Assemblies by proportional representation (single transferable vote) [3]. Therefore, elected members of the lower house of a State Legislature (MLAs) both cast votes as electors in Lok Sabha general elections (as ordinary voters) and serve as the electoral college that elects Rajya Sabha members. Hence option 4 is correct [3].

Sources

1. [1] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 80: Elections > ELECTION PROCESSs > p. 576
2. [2] https://cms.rajyasabha.nic.in/documents/CouncilOfState/1657796269327.93_Council%2520of%2520States%282%29%2520%281%29.pdf
3. [3] Exploring Society:India and Beyond ,Social Science, Class VIII . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 6: The Parliamentary System: Legislature and Executive > LET'S REMEMBER > p. 142