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Q2 (IAS/2022) History & Culture › Medieval India › Medieval regional kingdoms Official Key

Consider the following pairs : King Dynasty 1. Nannuka - Chandela 2. Jayashakti - Paramara 3. Nagabhata II - Gurjara-Pratihara 4. Bhoja - Rashtrakuta How many pairs given above are correctly matched ?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: B
Explanation

The correct answer is Option 2 (Only two pairs). The historical accuracy of the pairs is analyzed below:

  • Pair 1 is correctly matched: Nannuka (r. 831–845 CE) was the founder of the Chandela dynasty of Jejakabhukti (modern-day Bundelkhand).
  • Pair 2 is incorrectly matched: Jayashakti (also known as Jeja) was a prominent ruler of the Chandela dynasty, not the Paramara dynasty. The region Jejakabhukti was named after him.
  • Pair 3 is correctly matched: Nagabhata II was one of the most powerful emperors of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty, known for rebuilding the Somnath Temple and capturing Kanauj.
  • Pair 4 is incorrectly matched: Bhoja (Mihira Bhoja) belonged to the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty, while Raja Bhoja of Dhar belonged to the Paramara dynasty. Neither was a Rashtrakuta king.

Since only pairs 1 and 3 are correct, Option 2 is the right choice.

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Q. Consider the following pairs : King Dynasty 1. Nannuka - Chandela 2. Jayashakti - Paramara 3. Nagabhata II - Gurjara-Pratihara 4. Bhoja -…
At a glance
Origin: Mixed / unclear origin Fairness: Low / Borderline fairness Books / CA: 0/10 · 0/10
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This question punishes 'story-readers' and rewards 'table-memorizers'. It mixes high-profile kings (Bhoja, Nagabhata) with obscure founders (Nannuka) and specific lineage figures (Jayashakti). You cannot solve this with general awareness; you need a hard 'Dynasty-Founder-Capital' mental spreadsheet.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
In medieval Indian history, was Nannuka a king of the Chandela dynasty?
Origin: Weak / unclear Fairness: Borderline / guessy
Indirect textbook clues
History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 10: Advent of Arabs and Turks > Rajput Kingdoms > p. 139
Strength: 5/5
“By the beginning of the tenth century two powerful Rajput Kingdoms, Gurjar Prathihara and Rashtrakutas, had lost their power. Tomaras (Delhi), Chauhans (Rajasthan), Solankis (Gujarat), Paramaras (Malwa), Gahadavalas (Kanauj) and Chandelas (Bundelkhand) had become important ruling dynasties of Northern India. Vighraharaja and Prithviraj, two prominent Chauhan rulers, Bhoja of Paramara dynasty, Ghadavala king Jayachandra, Yasovarman, Kirti Varman of Chandelas were all strong in their own regions. The world-famous Khajuraho temple complex, consisting of many temples including the Lakshmana temple, Vishwanatha temple and Kandariya Mahadeva temple, was built by the Chandelas of Bundelkhand who ruled from Khajuraho. The Rajputs had a long tradition of martial spirit, courage and bravery.”
Why relevant

Lists the Chandelas as a prominent Rajput dynasty ruling Bundelkhand and links them to Khajuraho temple-building, giving a clear geographic and dynastic context for any Chandela ruler.

How to extend

A student could check whether Nannuka’s activity or inscriptions are located in Bundelkhand/Khajuraho to judge if he belongs to the Chandela line.

History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 7: The Guptas > 7.71Decline of the Gupta Empire > p. 101
Strength: 4/5
“The last recognized king of the Gupta line was Vishnugupta, who reigned from 540 to 550 CE. Internal fighting and dissensions among the royal family led to its collapse. During the reign of a Gupta king, Budhagupta, the Vakataka ruler Narendrasena of western Deccan attacked Malwa, Mekala and Kosala. Later on, another Vakataka king Harishena conquered Malwa and Gujarat from the Guptas. During Skanda Gupta's reign, the grandson of Chandragupta II, the Huns invaded northwest India. Feudalism: The social formation of feudalism was the characteristic of the medieval society in India.”
Why relevant

Describes the post-Gupta/early medieval period marked by feudal fragmentation, when regional chiefs and new dynasties emerged.

How to extend

One could infer it was plausible that a local chief named Nannuka might establish or appear as an early ruler of a regional dynasty like the Chandelas and then seek epigraphic confirmation.

History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 8: Harsha and Rise of Regional Kingdoms > 8.4 Rise of Rashtrakuta Dynasty > p. 113
Strength: 4/5
“The Rashtrakutas were originally known to be the feudatories of the Western Chalukyas of Vatapi. Though Rashtrakutas were early rulers, the greatest ruler of the dynasty was Dandidurga. Ruling from a smaller part of Berar, Dandidurga built his career of territorial conquest after the death of Vikramaditya II (733-746 CE), the Chalukya ruler. He captured Gurjara Kingdom of Nandipuri, Malwa and eastern Madhya Pradesh and the whole of Berar. After consolidating his position, and after defeating Kirthivarman II (746-753 CE), the last Chalukya ruler of Vatapi, Dandidurga assumed the titles of Maharajadhiraja, Parameshwara and Paramabhattaraka. He developed relationships with the Pallava ruler Nandivarman II by giving his daughter in marriage to the Pallava king.”
Why relevant

Explains a common pattern that powerful dynasties sometimes originated from subordinate rulers or feudatories who rose to greater power.

How to extend

A student could investigate whether Nannuka is recorded as a local chief/feudatory in epigraphs, a plausible path to becoming a Chandela king.

History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 7: The Guptas > Origins of the Gupta Dynasty > p. 90
Strength: 3/5
“Evidence on the origin and antecedents of the Gupta dynasty is limited. The Gupta kings seem to have risen from the modest origins. Chandragupta I, who was the third ruler of the Gupta dynasty married Kumaradevi, a Lichchavi princess. The marriage is mentioned in the records of his successors with pride indicating that that royal connection would have contributed to the rise of Guptas. Lichchavi was an old, established gana-sangha and its territory lay between the Ganges and the Nepal Terai.”
Why relevant

Notes that royal houses often rose from modest origins and emphasize marital or local links in origin narratives, illustrating how early dynastic founders may be modest local figures.

How to extend

This supports pursuing evidence that Nannuka was an early/modest founder figure (rather than a distant legendary figure) of the Chandelas via inscriptions or local tradition.

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