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Q34 (IAS/2025) Environment & Ecology › Climate Change & Global Initiatives › Paris Agreement framework Answer Verified

Consider the following statements : Statement I : Article 6 of the Paris Agreement on climate change is frequently discussed in global discussions on sustainable development and climate change. Statement II : Article 6 of the Paris Agreement on climate change sets out the principles of carbon markets. Statement III : Article 6 of the Paris Agreement on climate change intends to promote inter-country non-market strategies to reach their climate targets. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: A
Explanation

Article 6 of the Paris Agreement deals with rules for carbon markets and voluntary international cooperation, which were agreed upon in Glasgow.[3] Article 6 contains three separate mechanisms for "voluntary cooperation" towards climate goals - two mechanisms are based on markets and a third is based on "non-market approaches".[4]

Statement II is correct because Article 6 establishes rules for carbon markets[3], and it closed the double counting/double claiming of carbon emission cuts[3], which are fundamental principles of carbon market functioning.

Statement III is also correct as Article 6 explicitly provides for non-market approaches as one of its three mechanisms for voluntary cooperation[4] to help countries reach their climate targets.

Both statements explain why Article 6 is frequently discussed in global climate discussions (Statement I) - the establishment of carbon market principles and provision for non-market cooperation are crucial mechanisms for countries to achieve their climate goals under the Paris Agreement. Therefore, option A is correct.

Sources
  1. [1] Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 24: Climate Change Organizations > Article 6 (refer COP zr) > p. 336
  2. [2] Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 24: Climate Change Organizations > Article 6 (refer COP zr) > p. 336
  3. [3] Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 24: Climate Change Organizations > Article 6 (refer COP zr) > p. 336
  4. [4] Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 24: Climate Change Organizations > 24.1Lo..2.. Article 6 > p. 331
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Q. Consider the following statements : Statement I : Article 6 of the Paris Agreement on climate change is frequently discussed in global …
At a glance
Origin: From standard books Fairness: High fairness Books / CA: 10/10 · 0/10
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This is a classic 'Index Check' question derived directly from standard texts like Shankar IAS. It rewards aspirants who didn't just stop at 'Paris Agreement = 1.5°C' but read the specific operational sub-headings. If you knew Article 6 is the 'trading engine' of the treaty, this was a free hit.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Article 6 of the Paris Agreement on climate change is frequently discussed in international/global discussions on sustainable development and climate change.
Origin: Direct from books Fairness: Straightforward Book-answerable
From standard books
Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 24: Climate Change Organizations > Article 6 (refer COP zr) > p. 336
Presence: 5/5
“• Regarding Article 6 rules of Paris Agreement (for carbon markets and voluntary international cooperation) the rules are agreed in Glasgow. • Parties agreed to carryover of carbon credits generated under the Kyoto Protocol since 2013, bringing up to 300 million tonnes of CO extsubscript2 equivalent (MtCO extsubscript2e) into the Paris mechanism. • Closed the double counting / double claiming of carbon emission cuts. • Excluded the use of credits generated historically from avoided deforestation.”
Why this source?
  • Explicitly discusses Article 6 rules (carbon markets and voluntary international cooperation).
  • Notes that Article 6 rules were negotiated and agreed at Glasgow (a major international forum).
Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 24: Climate Change Organizations > Major outcomes > p. 335
Presence: 4/5
“• The Paris Agreement is clear on double counting of carbon credits that a country that sells emissions cuts via offsetting credits to another country can not count those emissions cuts towards its own climate targets. The agreement is yet to be reached as Australia, Brazil and few others are not in agreement.”
Why this source?
  • Addresses carbon-credit double counting, a core issue linked to Article 6 market mechanisms.
  • Highlights active disagreement among countries, implying ongoing international discussion.
Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 24: Climate Change Organizations > 4.1c..1, Nationally determined contributions > p. 331
Presence: 3/5
“The Paris Agreement entered into force on 4 November 2016. The first session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the Meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement (CMA I) took place in Marrakech, Morocco from November 5-8, 2016. By the close of the Marrakech conference, it had been ratified by three countries representing more than three-fourths of global emissions' The agreement defines parties' basic obligations and establishes new procedures and mechanisms. But for these to be fully operational, their details must be further elaborated. This requires the adoption by parties of an extensive set of decisions known loosely as the "Paris rulebook."”
Why this source?
  • Explains that the Paris Agreement requires further elaboration through a 'Paris rulebook', implying Article 6 is subject to continuing international negotiation.
  • Connects procedural COP sessions (Marrakech) to the operationalization of Paris provisions.
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