The entry “Public Health and Sanitation” is included in the Constitution of India in

The entry ‘Public Health and Sanitation’ is included in the State List (List II) of the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India. Specifically, Entry 6 of the State List covers "Public health and sanitation; hospitals and dispensaries" [2]. Under the constitutional framework, the Seventh Schedule provides a three-fold distribution of legislative powers between the Union and the States [3]. While the Union List (List I) includes subjects of national importance like defense and census [3], the State List contains subjects where the State Legislature has exclusive power to make laws under normal circumstances [3]. Consequently, the primary responsibility for managing public health, sanitation, and medical infrastructure lies with the state governments. This decentralization ensures that health services can be tailored to local needs and administrative capacities across different regions of India.

Sources

1. [2] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 15: Centre-State Relations > II Distribution of Legislative Subjects > p. 145
2. [3] Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 35: TABLES > DISTRIBUTON QFLEGISLATIVE POWER > p. 554
3. [1] Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 35: TABLES > List III-Concurrent List. > p. 548