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Q19 (NDA-I/2018) Science & Technology › Biotechnology & Health › Human infectious diseases Answer Verified

AIDS is caused by a virus whose genetic material is

Result
Your answer: —  Â·  Correct: C
Explanation

Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) [1]. HIV is classified as a member of the Retroviridae family and the Lentivirus genus [4]. The genetic material of HIV consists of two identical copies of single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) molecules [5]. As a retrovirus, HIV uses the enzyme reverse transcriptase to convert its single-stranded RNA genome into double-stranded DNA once it enters a host cell [5]. This DNA intermediate is then integrated into the host's cellular genome by the integrase enzyme [5]. While the virus exists as DNA within the host cell's nucleus during its replication cycle, the actual genetic material contained within the infectious virion particle itself is single-stranded RNA [5].

Sources

  1. [1] Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 8: Natural Hazards and Disaster Management > AIDs/HIVs > p. 80
  2. [4] https://www.aids.gov.hk/pdf/g190htm/01.htm
  3. [5] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK304351/
  4. [3] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3475395/
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