Which one among the following does NOT figure among the Five Principles of Panchsheel ?

The Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, known as Panchsheel, were first formally enunciated in the 1954 Agreement on Trade and Intercourse between the Tibet region of China and India [3]. The five specific principles are: (1) mutual respect for each other's territorial integrity and sovereignty; (2) mutual non-aggression; (3) mutual non-interference in each other's internal affairs; (4) equality and mutual benefit; and (5) peaceful coexistence [5]. These principles were later incorporated into the Bandung Conference declaration and the Non-Aligned Movement's core tenets [7]. While the principles focus on diplomatic conduct and sovereignty, 'Nuclear non-proliferation' was never part of the original 1954 framework or the subsequent joint statements by Jawaharlal Nehru and Zhou Enlai [5]. Therefore, option 4 is the correct answer as it does not figure among the Five Principles.

Sources

1. [1] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 88: Foreign Policy > El l Panchsheel > p. 609
2. [2] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 36: The Evolution of Nationalist Foreign Policy > Panchsheel > p. 623
3. [3] Politics in India since Independence, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 4: Indi External Relations > Peace and conflict with China > p. 58
4. [5] History , class XII (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 15: The World after World War II > First Non-Aligned Conference, Belgrade > p. 251
5. [4] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 36: The Evolution of Nationalist Foreign Policy > p. 625
6. [7] https://ir.china-embassy.gov.cn/eng/dtxw/201407/t20140702_1894012.htm