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Q46 (NDA-II/2010) Science & Technology › Basic Science (Physics, Chemistry, Biology) › Waves and acoustics Answer Verified

Sound moves with higher velocity if

Result
Your answer: —  Â·  Correct: D
Explanation

The velocity of sound in a gaseous medium is primarily influenced by temperature and humidity. According to the formula v = sqrt(gamma * R * T / M), the speed of sound is directly proportional to the square root of the absolute temperature [c1, t6]. As temperature increases, molecules gain kinetic energy and vibrate faster, allowing sound waves to propagate more quickly [t8]. Additionally, humidity increases the speed of sound because water vapor is less dense than dry air (the molar mass of water is lower than that of nitrogen and oxygen) [t1]. This reduction in the overall density of the air-water mixture, while maintaining pressure, results in a higher velocity [c3, t1]. Conversely, in an ideal gas, the speed of sound is independent of pressure because changes in pressure are offset by proportional changes in density, keeping the ratio constant [c1, t9].

Sources

  1. [1] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 20: Earths Atmosphere > 20.2. Structure of The Earth's Atmosphere > p. 274
  2. [2] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 5: Earths Magnetic Field (Geomagnetic Field) > Why Do Sound Waves Travel Faster In A Denser Medium Whereas Light Travels Slower? > p. 64
  3. [3] https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/airplane/isentrop.html
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