Which of the following statements) is/are correct? 1. Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone is a low pressure belt which forms an important zone of contact over Northern India and Pakistan. 2. Inter-Tropical Covergennce Zone invites inflow of winds from different directions.

The Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is a low-pressure belt where trade winds from both hemispheres converge [3]. During the Northern Hemisphere summer, the ITCZ shifts northwards to approximately 20°N-25°N, positioning itself over the Gangetic plain and Northern India [4]. In this position, it is often referred to as the monsoon trough, which facilitates the development of a thermal low over North and Northwest India and Pakistan [4]. This low-pressure zone acts as a significant zone of contact where different air masses meet [3]. Furthermore, the ITCZ is characterized by ascending air and low pressure, which naturally invites the inflow of winds from various directions, including maritime air from the Southern Hemisphere that crosses the equator to become the southwest monsoon [4]. Consequently, both statements regarding its role as a contact zone over Northern India and its ability to attract wind inflows are correct.

Sources

1. [1] INDIA PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 4: Climate > Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) > p. 30
2. [3] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 4: Climate of India > 3. The Season of General Rains > p. 22
3. [4] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 4: Climate of India > The Thermal Concept of Halley > p. 1