Which of the following statements) concerning natural regions of the world is/arc correct ? 1. Equatorial climatic regions have less urbanization 2. Mediterranean climatic regions have high level of urbanization 3. Equatorial climatic regions have high concentration of human population 4. Mediterranean climatic regions practice plantation farming Select the correct answer using the code given below :

Statement 1 is correct as Equatorial regions, characterized by dense tropical rainforests (selvas) and extreme heat/humidity, are generally less urbanized and sparsely populated due to the harsh environment [2]. Statement 2 is correct because Mediterranean regions have historically attracted human settlement due to their pleasant climate, leading to high levels of urbanization and the development of large coastal cities. Statement 3 is incorrect; Equatorial regions have low population concentrations because the extreme climate is uncomfortable for habitation. Statement 4 is incorrect; while Mediterranean regions are famous for viticulture and citrus fruits, plantation farming (large-scale monoculture of cash crops like rubber or cocoa) is a characteristic feature of tropical and equatorial regions, not Mediterranean ones. Therefore, only statements 1 and 2 are correct.

Sources

1. [2] FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, CLASS XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: The World Population Distribution, Density and Growth > I. Geographical Factors > p. 8