Which of the following is/are true regarding Urban Local Bodies in India ? 1. The Constitution 74th Amendment Act envisages three types of urban local bodies, namely Municipal Corporation, Municipality and City Council 2. Municipal Corporations are established in cities with population greater than 1 million 3. Bombay and Calcutta Corporations were the first Municipal Corporations that were established during British | time Select the correct answer using the code given below :

Statement 1 is incorrect because the 74th Amendment Act envisages three types of municipalities: Nagar Panchayat (transitional areas), Municipal Council (smaller urban areas), and Municipal Corporation (larger urban areas) [2]. The term 'City Council' is not the constitutional nomenclature used. Statement 2 is correct as Municipal Corporations are generally established for large urban areas with populations exceeding 1 million, though specific criteria are determined by state legislatures [5]. Statement 3 is incorrect because the first Municipal Corporation in India was established in Madras in 1688; Bombay and Calcutta were established later in 1726. Since only statement 2 is accurate regarding the general population threshold for 'big cities' and the constitutional framework, option 2 is the most appropriate choice. The 74th Amendment constitutionalized these bodies to ensure democratic governance at the local level [4].

Sources

1. [1] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 40: Municipalities > Salient Features > p. 400
2. [2] Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 40: Municipalities > Salient Features > p. 400
3. [5] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 40: Municipalities > II IMunicipal Corporation > p. 404
4. [3] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 40: Municipalities > Municipalities > p. 398
5. [4] Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 40: Municipalities > Municipalities > p. 398