Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is used to

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA or DXA) is the established clinical standard for measuring bone mineral density (BMD) [1]. It utilizes two different X-ray beams with varying energy levels to distinguish between bone and soft tissue, allowing for a precise calculation of bone mass [2]. This non-invasive imaging technology is primarily used to diagnose osteoporosis, assess bone thinning, and evaluate the risk of future fractures. By measuring how many X-rays pass through the bone, the scan determines the density; higher X-ray transmission indicates lower bone density [2]. While other imaging techniques like CT scans can also assess bone health, DEXA remains the most common and standard method due to its low radiation exposure and efficiency [1]. It is not used for tracking the spread of solid tumors, stomach ulcers, or brain hemorrhages, which require different modalities like PET, endoscopy, or CT/MRI respectively.

Sources

1. [1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519042/
2. [2] https://www.cdc.gov/radiation-health/data-research/facts-stats/dexa-scan.html