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Which of the following features of the State of Arcot in 18th century South India are correct ? 1. The founders of the dynasty that ruled Arcot were Daud Khan Panni and Sa’adatullah Khan. 2. Arcot became the site of a protracted struggle between the English and Dutch East India Companies from the 1740s. 3. Decentralization was a key feature of the State of Arcot in the 18th century. 4. The other major State to emerge in South India at this time was Mysore. Select the correct answer using the code given below :
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect: Daud Khan Panni and Sa'adatullah Khan did not co-found a dynasty. Daud Khan Panni was an Afghan military commander appointed as a Mughal governor. He was succeeded by Sa'adatullah Khan, who made the governorship hereditary and founded the Nawayat dynasty.
Statement 2 is incorrect: The protracted struggle in the 1740s over the Carnatic region (the Carnatic Wars) was fought between the English and the French East India Companies, not the Dutch.
Statement 3 is correct: The State of Arcot was highly decentralized. The Nawab held nominal authority but constantly struggled to extract revenue from powerful local chieftains (Palayakkarars or Poligars), who maintained their own armies and regional influence.
Statement 4 is correct: During the 18th century, Mysore emerged as the other major regional power in South India.
Therefore, only statements 3 and 4 are correct.
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