Consider the following statements : 1. Carbohydrates are the only source of energy to humans. 2. Fats give maximum energy on oxidation as compared to other foods. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Statement 1 is incorrect because carbohydrates are not the only source of energy for humans. The human body utilizes three primary types of macronutrients to yield energy: carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Additionally, alcohol can also provide energy upon oxidation [1]. While carbohydrates are the primary and quickest source of energy, proteins can be used when other sources are scarce. Statement 2 is correct as fats are the most energy-dense macronutrient. On oxidation, 1 gram of fat yields approximately 9 kcal of energy, which is more than double the energy provided by 1 gram of carbohydrates or proteins, both of which yield approximately 4 kcal [2]. Fats typically provide more than half of the body's energy needs and serve as a highly efficient storage form of energy.

Sources

1. [1] https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/dynamic-adaptation-of-nutrient-utilization-in-humans-14232807/
2. [2] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK218769/