Who was the leader of the Ghaddar Party?

The Ghadar Party grew out of the Pacific Coast Hindustan Association founded in San Francisco in 1913 by Lala Hardayal; this organization was popularly called the Ghadar Party and its journal Ghadar began publication from San Francisco on November 1, 1913 [1]. While Sohan Singh Bhakna served as the association’s president, contemporary sources and party rosters list Lala Hardayal as the key founding leader and organizer (often recorded as general secretary/editor of the Ghadar paper), confirming his leadership role in the movement’s inception and direction. Therefore Lala Hardayal is the correct answer.

Sources

1. [1] History , class XII (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 3: Impact of World War I on Indian Freedom Movement > Morley > p. 35