Consider the following statements : 1. In equatorial regions, the year is divided into four main seasons 2. In Mediterranean region, summer receives more rain 3. In China type climate, rainfall occurs throughout the year 4. Tropical highlands exhibit vertical zonation of different climates Which of these statements are correct ?

Statements 1 and 2 are incorrect: equatorial (Af) regions are essentially seasonless with no distinct seasons, and Mediterranean climates (Csa/Csb) have dry summers and wet winters, not summer rainfall maxima [1]. Statement 3 is correct for the “China type” (Cfa) in Köppen terms, which is described as humid subtropical with no dry season and rainfall occurring throughout the year (often with a summer maximum) [1]. Statement 4 is also correct: tropical highlands are classed as a separate highland (H) climate and, due to decreasing temperatures with elevation, exhibit altitudinal or vertical zonation of climates and vegetation belts [2]. Thus, only statements 3 and 4 are correct.

Sources

1. [1] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 30: Climatic Regions > Köppen–Geiger Climate Classification > p. 422
2. [2] https://www.jcu.edu.au/state-of-the-tropics/publications/2014-state-of-the-tropics-report/2014-essay-pdfs/Essay-1-Trewin.pdf