Consider the following statement: 1. Kitab-I-Nauras, a collection of songs in praise of Hindu deities and Muslim saints, was written by Ibrahim Adil Shah II 2. Amir Khusrau was the originator in India of the early form of the musical style known as Qawali. Which of these statements is/are correct?

Both statements are correct. The Kitab-i Nauras (Kitab-e Nauras or Nauras) is a 16th-century collection of songs compiled by Sultan Ibrahim Adil Shah II of Bijapur; it contains Deccani songs and hymns that invoke Hindu deities (e.g., Saraswati, Ganesh/Lakshmi) alongside Islamic figures and Sufi saints, reflecting syncretic devotional themes [1]. Amīr Khusrau (1253–1325) is widely credited with shaping the early form of qawwali within the Chishti Sufi musical tradition by introducing the qaul (opening hymn) and integrating Persian, Hindavi and Sufi poetic elements; authoritative sources identify him as the originator of qawwali in the subcontinent [2].

Sources

1. [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitab-i_Nauras
2. [2] THEMES IN INDIAN HISTORY PART II, History CLASS XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 6: Bhakti-Sufi Traditions > Amir Khusrau and the qaul > p. 158
3. [3] https://www.britannica.com/biography/Amir-Khosrow