Which one of the following is not an ASEAN member?

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was established in 1967 by five founders and subsequently expanded as Brunei, Vietnam, Lao PDR, Myanmar and Cambodia joined, bringing membership to ten Southeast Asian states—explicitly listing Cambodia, Laos and the Philippines as members [1]. Authoritative overviews of ASEAN likewise describe it as a ten-member regional organisation composed of Southeast Asian countries; these sources do not include China among member states, instead characterising China as an external major power and a dialogue/partner country with ASEAN [2]. Therefore, among the options given, China is not an ASEAN member while Cambodia, Laos and the Philippines are members.

Sources

1. [1] Contemporary World Politics, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: Contemporary Centres of Power > 20 Contemporary World Politics > p. 20
2. [2] https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-30015680