Which of the following are components of Geographic Information System (GIS)? 1. Data 2. Hardware 3. Software 4. People Select the answer using the code given below.

A Geographic Information System (GIS) is a comprehensive framework designed to capture, store, manage, and analyze spatial data. It is widely recognized as being composed of five essential components: hardware, software, data, people, and methods. Hardware refers to the physical computer systems and peripherals like servers and GPS receivers [1]. Software provides the necessary tools for data manipulation, analysis, and visualization [1]. Data is considered the most critical component, consisting of spatial and attribute information [1]. Finally, people are vital as they provide the intellectual direction, operational skills, and decision-making capabilities required to utilize the technology effectively [1]. Since all four items listed in the question (Data, Hardware, Software, and People) are fundamental pillars of a GIS ecosystem, option 4 is the correct choice.

Sources

1. [1] https://www.highpointnc.gov/998/What-is-GIS-PDF