The ‘Uruguay Round’ negotiations resulted in the establishment of—

The Uruguay Round was the 8th round of multilateral trade negotiations conducted under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), spanning from 1986 to 1994 [c1, t7]. These negotiations culminated in the signing of the Marrakesh Agreement on April 15, 1994, which led to the formal establishment of the World Trade Organization (WTO) on January 1, 1995 [c1, c3, t1]. The WTO replaced the GATT as a permanent international organization with a much broader scope, covering not only trade in goods but also services (GATS) and intellectual property rights (TRIPS) [c1, c4, t4]. While GATT was a provisional agreement, the WTO was established as a comprehensive institutional framework for global trade governance [t8]. Other options like NATO (security), OECD (economic cooperation), and WHO (health) were established through different historical processes unrelated to the GATT trade rounds.

Sources

1. [1] Indian Economy, Vivek Singh (7th ed. 2023-24) > Chapter 13: International Organizations > Uruguay/ Eighth Round (Sept 1986 - April 1994) > p. 377
2. [2] Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 18: International Economic Institutions > Important Facts about WTO > p. 535
3. [3] FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, CLASS XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 8: International Trade > World Trade Or rade Organisation > p. 74
4. [4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uruguay_Round