Which of the following can be said to be essentially the parts of “Inclusive Governance’? 1. Permitting the Non-Banking Financial Companies to do banking 2. Establishing effective District Planning Committees in all the districts 3. Increasing the government spending on public health 4. Strengthening the Mid-day Meal Scheme Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

Inclusive governance focuses on ensuring that marginalized and vulnerable sections of society have access to essential services and decision-making processes. Establishing effective District Planning Committees (DPCs) is a constitutional requirement under the 74th Amendment Act to ensure decentralized, participatory planning at the local level, which is a core tenet of inclusive governance. Increasing government spending on public health and strengthening the Mid-day Meal Scheme are critical social welfare measures that address human development, nutrition, and health equity for disadvantaged groups [2]. While financial inclusion is a key enabler of development [3], permitting Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) to perform banking functions is a matter of financial regulation and structural reform rather than an essential component of inclusive governance itself [5]. Therefore, statements 2, 3, and 4 are the essential parts of inclusive governance.

Sources

1. [2] Indian Economy, Vivek Singh (7th ed. 2023-24) > Chapter 2: Money and Banking- Part I > 4. Co-operative Banks: > p. 83
2. [1] Indian Economy, Vivek Singh (7th ed. 2023-24) > Chapter 2: Money and Banking- Part I > 2.18 National Strategy for Financial Inclusion (2019-24) > p. 88
3. [3] Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 8: Financial Market > FINANCIAL INCLUSION > p. 238
4. [5] https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/R48512